Exploiting oxidized lipids and the lipid-binding GPCRs against cardiometabolic diseases

Author(s)

Guimaraes, Raphael C. ^[1] ; Goncalves, Tiago T. ^{[2, 3, 4]} ; Leiria, Luiz O. ^{[2, 1, 4]}

Affiliation

^[1] Obes & Comorbid Res Ctr, Campinas - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Pharmacol, BR-14049900 Ribeirao Preto, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Estadual Campinas, Fac Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Campinas - Brazil

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Ctr Res Inflammatory Dis, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: British Journal of Pharmacology; v. 178, n. 3 DEC 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Lipids govern vital cellular processes and drive physiological changes in response to different pathological or environmental cues. Lipid species can be roughly divided into structural and signalling lipids. The former is essential for membrane composition, while the latter are usually oxidized lipids. These mediators provide beneficial effects against cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), including fatty-liver diseases, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, obesity, and Type 2 diabetes. For instance, several oxylipins were recently found to improve glucose homeostasis, increase insulin secretion, and inhibit platelet aggregation, while specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are able to ameliorate CMD by shaping the immune system. These lipids act mainly by stimulating GPCRs. In this review, we provide an updated and comprehensive overview of the current state of the literature on signalling lipids in the context of CMD. We also highlight the network encompassing the lipid-modifying enzymes and the lipid-binding GPCRs, as well as their interactions in health and disease. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/02766-7 - Identification and characterization of 12-hydroxypentaenoic acid receptor (12-HEPE)
• Grantee: Tiago Tomazini Gonçalves
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 20/05040-4 - Translational study on the role of specialised pro-resolving lipid mediators in the tolerance against CARS-CoV-2 infection
• Grantee: Luiz Osório Silveira Leiria
• Support type: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/25053-3 - Study of the anti-lipogenic activity of lipids in the liver
• Grantee: Raphael Campos Guimarães
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 17/08264-8 - Investigation on the mechanisms underlying brown adipose tissue/liver crosstalk for the regulation of hepatic de novo lipogenesis and glucose production
• Grantee: Luiz Osório Silveira Leiria
• Support type: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants