Cold-adapted chitinases from Antarctic bacteria: Taxonomic assessment and enzyme production optimization

Author(s)

Santa-Cruz Vasquez, Yesenia Melissa ^{[1, 2]} ; Gomes, Milene Barbosa ^[2] ; Rodrigues E Silva, Tiago ^[2] ; Fernandes Duarte, Alysson Wagner ^{[2, 3]} ; Rosa, Luiz Henrique ^[4] ; de Oliveira, Valeria Maia ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, UNICAMP, POB 6109, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Ctr Pluridisciplinar Pesquisas Quim Biol & Agr CP, Div Recursos Microbianos, POB 6171, BR-13081970 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Alagoas, Complexo Ciencias Med & Enfermagem, Campus Arapiraca, BR-57309009 Arapiraca, AL - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY; v. 34, JUL 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The Antarctic continent hosts heterogeneous regions, which are in general exposed to extreme conditions, mainly low temperatures. Thus, microorganisms that thrive in this environment are supposed to harbor a metabolic versatility of great biotechnological interest, which includes the production of cold-adapted enzymes. The present study aimed to investigate chitinase production by bacteria isolated from marine and terrestrial samples from the Maritime Antarctica. For this, a collection of 560 bacteria was evaluated. Seventy-three (13%) isolates, belonging to 13 bacterial genera affiliated to Proteobacteria (6), Actinobacteria (4) and Firmicutes (3), were positive in preliminary assays, and twenty strains were further selected based on individual plate assays at 5 and 15 degrees C. These strains were identified such as Arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus, Arthrobacter cryoconite and Curto bacterium luteum, all belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria. The best chitinase producer was A. psychrochitiniphilus 492, which showed 43.39 U/L in 80 h of incubation. After optimization of nine independent variables by Plackett-Burman experimental design, followed by a fractional factorial (25-1) and a central composite design (CCD) 23, the best condition for chitinase production was achieved using yeast extract 1.0 g/L, NH4NO3 2.0 g/L, colloidal chitin 5.0% and initial pH 6.0, which allowed an increase of 7.7-fold in chitinase production as compared with the initial condition without optimiza tion. Results gathered herein reinforce the Antarctic environment as a rich source for chitinase prospecting and open perspectives for further optimization strategies aiming future biotechnological application of such molecules in ecologically-friendly and sustainable processes. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/17936-1 - Microbial prospecting for antibiotics and pigments from bacteria isolated from Antarctica.
• Grantee: Tiago Rodrigues e Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 17/21790-0 - Chemical characterization of pigments of biotechnological interest from bacteria isolated from Antarctica
• Grantee: Tiago Rodrigues e Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 16/05640-6 - Multi-omics applied to the understanding and exploitation of Antarctic microbiomes
• Grantee: Valeria Maia Merzel
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants