Paradigm shift in xylose isomerase usage: a novel scenario with distinct applications

Author(s)

Miyamoto, Renan Yuji ^{[1, 2]} ; de Melo, Ricardo Rodrigues ^[1] ; de Mesquita Sampaio, Isabelle Lobo ^{[1, 3]} ; de Sousa, Amanda Silva ^[1] ; Morais, Edvaldo Rodrigo ^[1] ; Sargo, Cintia Regina ^[1] ; Zanphorlin, Leticia Maria ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Brazilian Ctr Res Energy & Mat CNPEM, Brazilian Biorenewables Natl Lab LNBR, Campinas - Brazil

^[2] State Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Fac Pharmaceut Sci FCF, Campinas - Brazil

^[3] State Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Fac Food Engn FEA, Campinas - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY; OCT 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Isomerases are enzymes that induce physical changes in a molecule without affecting the original molecular formula. Among this class of enzymes, xylose isomerases (XIs) are the most studied to date, partly due to their extensive application in industrial processes to produce high-fructose corn sirups. In recent years, the need for sustainable initiatives has triggered efforts to improve the biobased economy through the use of renewable raw materials. In this context, D-xylose usage is crucial as it is the second-most abundant sugar in nature. The application of XIs in biotransforming xylose, enabling downstream metabolism in several microorganisms, is a smart strategy for ensuring a low-carbon footprint and producing several value-added biochemicals with broad industrial applications such as in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and polymer industries. Considering recent advancements that have expanded the range of applications of XIs, this review provides a comprehensive and concise overview of XIs, from their primary sources to the biochemical and structural features that influence their mechanisms of action. This comprehensive review may help address the challenges involved in XI applications in different industries and facilitate the exploitation of xylose bioprocesses. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/08855-1 - New mechanisms of P450: an enzymatic strategy for renewable hydrocarbons
• Grantee: Leticia Maria Zanphorlin
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/14253-9 - Evaluation of the biotechnological potential of the cellulolytic system of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri: a structural, functional and applied approach
• Grantee: Ricardo Rodrigues de Melo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 18/02865-2 - Molecular investigation of new xylose isomerases for application to lignocellulosic materials fermentation
• Grantee: Renan Yuji Miyamoto
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)