Nanoparticle carrier co-delivery of complementary antibiofilm drugs abrogates dual species cariogenic biofilm formation in vitro

Author(s)

Roncari Rocha, Guilherme ^{[1, 2]} ; Sims, Jr., Kenneth R. ^[2] ; Xiao, Baixue ^[2] ; Klein, Marlise I. ^[1] ; Benoit, Danielle S. W. ^{[3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7]}

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Dent Mat & Prosthodont, BR-14801385 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Rochester, Dept Biomed Engn, Rochester, NY 14627 - USA

^[3] Univ Rochester, Ctr Oral Biol, Rochester, NY - USA

^[4] Univ Rochester, Mat Sci Program, Rochester, NY - USA

^[5] Univ Rochester, Dept Orthopaed, Rochester, NY - USA

^[6] Univ Rochester, Ctr Musculoskeletal Res, Rochester, NY - USA

^[7] Univ Rochester, Dept Chem Engn, Rochester, NY - USA

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF ORAL MICROBIOLOGY; v. 14, n. 1 JAN 1 2022.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Background Dental caries is a multifactorial disease caused by pathogenic biofilm. In particular, Streptococcus mutans synthesizes biofilm exopolysaccharides, while Candida albicans is associated with the development of severe carious lesions. Aim This study aimed to prevent the formation of S. mutans and C. albicans biofilms by exploiting pH-sensitive nanoparticle carriers (NPCs) with high affinity to exopolysaccharides to increase the substantivity of multi-targeted antibiofilm drugs introduced topically in vitro. Methods Dual-species biofilms were grown on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs with sucrose. Twice-daily, 1.5 min topical treatment regimens of unloaded and drug-loaded NPC were used. Drugs included combinations of two or three compounds with distinct, complementary antibiofilm targets: tt-farnesol (terpenoid; bacterial acid tolerance, fungal quorum sensing), myricetin (flavonoid; exopolysaccharides inhibitor), and 1771 (lipoteichoic acid inhibitor; bacterial adhesion and co-aggregation). Biofilms were evaluated for biomass, microbial population, and architecture. Results NPC delivering tt-farnesol and 1771 with or without myricetin completely prevented biofilm formation by impeding biomass accumulation, bacterial and fungal population growth, and exopolysaccharide matrix deposition (vs. control unloaded NPC). Both formulations hindered acid production, maintaining the pH of spent media above the threshold for enamel demineralization. However, treatments had no effect on pre-established dual-species biofilms. Conclusion Complementary antibiofilm drug-NPC treatments prevented biofilm formation by targeting critical virulence factors of acidogenicity and exopolysaccharides synthesis. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/22316-6 - Efficacy of drugs associated with nanotechnology for control of cariogenic biofilms
• Grantee: Guilherme Roncari Rocha
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 18/01429-4 - Efficacy of drugs associated with nanotechnology for control of cariogenic biofilms
• Grantee: Guilherme Roncari Rocha
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate