Hydrogen Environmental Benefits Depend on the Way of Production: An Overview of the Main Processes Production and Challenges by 2050

Author(s)

Germscheidt, Rafael L. ; Moreira, Daniel E. B. ; Yoshimura, Rafael G. ; Gasbarro, Nathalia P. ; Datti, Evandro ; dos Santos, Pamyla L. ; Bonacin, Juliano A.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ADVANCED ENERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY RESEARCH; v. 2, n. 10, p. 20-pg., 2021-10-01.

Abstract

Hydrogen (H-2) is presented as an important alternative for clean energy and raw material in the modern world. However, the environmental benefits are linked to its process of production. Herein, the chemical aspects, advantages/disadvantages, and challenges of the main processes of H-2 production from petroleum to water are described. The fossil fuel (FF)-based methods and the state-of-art strategies are outlined to produce hydrogen from water (electrolysis), wastewater, and seawater. In addition, a discussion based on a color code to classify the cleanliness of hydrogen production is introduced. By the end, a summary of the hydrogen value chain addresses topics related to the financial aspects and perspective for 2050: green hydrogen and zero-emission carbon. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/20688-3 - Study of Prussian Blue analog nanowire properties for water oxidation
• Grantee: Daniel Esteves Bessa Moreira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 18/25092-9 - Study of the mechanism of oxidation of water by catalysts with structure analogous to Prussian blue
• Grantee: Rafael Lavagnolli Germscheidt
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 13/22127-2 - Development of novel materials strategic for integrated analytical devices
• Grantee: Lauro Tatsuo Kubota
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/11986-5 - Generation and storage of New Energy: bringing technological development for the country
• Grantee: Ana Flávia Nogueira
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research Centers in Engineering Program
• FAPESP's process: 17/23960-0 - Study of the mechanism of water oxidation by catalysts operating at pH7 and its incorporation in electrodes printed in 3D
• Grantee: Juliano Alves Bonacin
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants