Neurotoxic, biotransformation, oxidative stress and genotoxic effects in Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei, Characiformes) males exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of diclofenac and/or caffeine

Author(s)

Munoz-Penuela, Marcela ; Moreira, Renata Guimaraes ; Gomes, Aline Dal Olio ; Tolussi, Carlos Eduardo ; Branco, Giovana Souza ; Pinheiro, Joao Paulo Silva ; Zampieri, Ricardo Andrade ; Lo Nostro, Fabiana Laura

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY; v. 91, p. 9-pg., 2022-04-01.

Abstract

The present study evaluated neurotoxic, biotransformation, genotoxic and antioxidant responses to relevant environmental concentrations of diclofenac (0.4 mu g L-1) and caffeine (27.5 mu g L-1), separate and combined, in adult males of the freshwater fish Astyanax altiparanae after a subchronic exposure (14 days). Fish exposed to diclofenac and caffeine, both separate and combined, revealed a neurotoxic effect through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the muscle, while diclofenac alone and in combination caused cyclooxygenase inhibition. Caffeine alone produces genotoxicity on this species but, when combined with diclofenac, it potentiates hepatic lipoperoxidation and the inhibition of oxidative stress enzymes, while diclofenac alone or in combination produces a general inhibition of important enzymes. This study suggests that aquatic contamination produced by these pharmaceuticals has the potential to affect homeostasis and locomotion in A. altiparanae and compromise their immune system and general health.& nbsp; (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/11530-1 - Physiological adjustments of tropical teleosts in anthropogenic reservoirs
• Grantee: Renata Guimarães Moreira Whitton
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/16320-7 - Impacts of climate/environmental change on the fauna: an integrative approach
• Grantee: Carlos Arturo Navas Iannini
• Support Opportunities: Research Program on Global Climate Change - Thematic Grants