COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches

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Alves Figueiredo, David Livingstone ; Bianchi Ximenez, Joao Paulo ; Ferreira Seiva, Fabio Rodrigues ; Panis, Carolina ; Bezerra, Rafael dos Santos ; Ferrasa, Adriano ; Cecchini, Alessandra Lourenco ; de Medeiros, Alexandra Ivo ; Almeida, Ana Marisa Fusco ; Ramao, Anelisa ; Winter Boldt, Angelica Beate ; Moya, Carla Fredrichsen ; Chin, Chung Man ; de Paula, Daniel ; Rech, Daniel ; Gradia, Daniela Fiori ; Malheiros, Danielle ; Venturini, Danielle ; Tavares, Eliandro Reis ; Carraro, Emerson ; de Souza Fonseca Ribeiro, Enilze Maria ; Pereira, Evani Marques ; Tuon, Felipe Francisco ; Caovilla Follador, Franciele Ani ; Alves Fernandes, Glaura Scantamburlo ; Volpato, Helito ; de Syllos Colus, Ilce Mara ; de Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho ; da Silva Rodrigues, Jean Henrique ; dos Santos, Jean Leandro ; Laguila Visentainer, Jeane Eliete ; Brandi, Juliana Cristina ; Serpeloni, Juliana Mara ; Bonini, Juliana Sartori ; de Oliveira, Karen Brajao ; Fiorentin, Karine ; Lucio, Leia Carolina ; Faccin-Galhardi, Ligia Carla ; Defante Ferreto, Lirane Elize ; Yamauchi Lioni, Lucy Megumi ; Lopes Consolaro, Marcia Edilaine ; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo ; Arbex, Marcos Abdo ; Pileggi, Marcos ; Ehara Watanabe, Maria Angelica ; Ramos Costa, Maria Antonia ; Mendes Giannini, Maria Jose S. ; Amarante, Marla Karine ; Khalil, Najeh Maissar ; de Lima Neto, Quirino Alves ; Herai, Roberto H. ; Guembarovski, Roberta Losi ; Shinsato, Rogerio N. ; Mainardes, Rubiana Mara ; Giuliatti, Silvana ; Yamada-Ogatta, Sueli Fumie ; de Quadros Gerber, Viviane Knuppel ; Pavanelli, Wander Rogerio ; da Silva, Weber Claudio ; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza ; Valente, Valeria ; Soares, Christiane Pienna ; Cavalli, Luciane Regina ; Silva Jr, Wilson Araujo

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; v. 44, n. 1, p. 19-pg., 2021-01-01.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China's Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. Since the outbreak, efforts to develop COVID-19 vaccines, engineer new drugs, and evaluate existing ones for drug repurposing have been intensively undertaken to find ways to control this pandemic. COVID-19 therapeutic strategies aim to impair molecular pathways involved in the virus entrance and replication or interfere in the patients' overreaction and immunopathology. Moreover, nanotechnology could be an approach to boost the activity of new drugs. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates have received emergency-use or full authorization in one or more countries, and others are being developed and tested. This review assesses the different strategies currently proposed to control COVID-19 and the issues or limitations imposed on some approaches by the human and viral genetic variability. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/23205-8 - Evaluation of the impact of emerging and reemerging viruses in the field of hemotherapy and stem cell transplantation by multiple-research approach
• Grantee: Svetoslav Nanev Slavov
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/08528-0 - Application of bioinformatic procedures for identification of the impact of the viral infections in hemotherapy
• Grantee: Rafael dos Santos Bezerra
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 13/08135-2 - CTC - Center for Cell-Based Therapy
• Grantee: Dimas Tadeu Covas
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC