Dietary Pattern Influences Gestational Weight Gain: Results from the ProcriAr Cohort Study-Sao Paulo, Brazil

Author(s)

Dias Medici Saldiva, Silvia Regina ; Pereira De Arruda Neta, Adelia da Costa ; Teixeira, Juliana Araujo ; Peres, Stela Verzinhasse ; Lobo Marchioni, Dirce Maria ; Carvalho, Mariana Azevedo ; Vieira, Sandra Elisabete ; Vieira Francisco, Rossana Pulcineli

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: NUTRIENTS; v. 14, n. 20, p. 14-pg., 2022-10-01.

Abstract

The maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) influence maternal and infant outcomes. This study identified patterns of habitual dietary intake in 385 pregnant women in Sao Paulo and explored their associations with excessive weight gain (EGWG). Weight at the first visit (<14 weeks) was used as a proxy for pre-pregnancy weight. Food consumption was assessed using the 24HR method, administered twice at each gestational trimester, and dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Three dietary patterns were identified: "Vegetables and Fruits," "Western," and "Brazilian Traditional." Descriptive data analysis was performed using absolute and relative frequencies for each independent variable and multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression was used to analyze excessive gestational gain weight (EGWG) and dietary patterns (DP). The Brazilian Traditional dietary pattern showed a protective effect on EGWG (p = 0.04) and age > 35 years (p = 0.03), while subjects overweight at baseline had a higher probability of EGWG (p = 0.02), suggesting that the identification of dietary and weight inadequacies should be observed from the beginning of pregnancy, accompanied by nutritional intervention and weight monitoring throughout the gestational period to reduce risks to the mother and child's health. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 09/17315-9 - Influence of nutritional factors and urban air pollutants on children's respiratory health: cohort study in pregnant women in São Paulo
• Grantee: Silvia Regina Dias Medici Saldiva
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 08/57717-6 - National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk
• Grantee: Thais Mauad
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants