Physical Training Reduces Chronic Airway Inflammation and Mediators of Remodeling in Asthma

Author(s)

Moraes-Ferreira, Renilson ; Brandao-Rangel, Maysa Alves Rodrigues ; Gibson-Alves, Thiago Goncalves ; Silva-Reis, Anamei ; Souza-Palmeira, Victor Hugo ; Aquino-Santos, Helida Cristina ; Frison, Claudio Ricardo ; Oliveira, Luis Vicente Franco ; Albertini, Regiane ; Vieira, Rodolfo P.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY; v. 2022, p. 13-pg., 2022-10-20.

Abstract

Several benefits of aerobic training for asthmatic patients have been demonstrated. However, its effects on systemic inflammation and on airway remodeling mediators and lung mechanics are unknown. This prospective study included 21 intermittent and mild asthma patients, and as primary outcomes, the evaluation of pro- and anti-inflammatory and pro- and antifibrotic mediators in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and blood were performed, beyond the cell counting in blood and in induced sputum. Aerobic training was performed for 3 months, 3 times per week. Aerobic training increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and of antifibrotic mediators in the breath condensate: IL-1ra (p=0.0488), IL-10 (p=0.0048), relaxin-3 (p=0.0019), and klotho (p < 0.0043), respectively. Similarly, in plasma, increased levels of IL-1ra (p=0.0147), IL-10 (p < 0.0001), relaxin-3 (p=0.004), and klotho (p=0.0023) were found. On contrary, reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the breath condensate, IL-1 beta (p=0.0008), IL-4 (p=0.0481), IL-5 (p < 0.0001), IL-6 (p=0.0032), IL-13 (p=0.0013), and TNF-alpha (p=0.0001) and profibrotic markers VEGF (p=0.0017) and TSLP (p=0.0056) were found. Similarly, in plasma, aerobic training significantly reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta (p=0.0008), IL-4 (p=0.0104), IL-5 (p=0.0001), IL-6 (p=0.006), IL-13 (p=0.0341), and TNF-alpha (p=0.0003) and of profibrotic markers VEGF (p=0.0009) and TSLP (p < 0.0076). Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was reduced after the intervention (p=0.0313). Regarding inflammatory cells in sputum, there was a reduction in total cells (p=0.008), eosinophils (p=0.009), and macrophages (p=0.020), as well as of blood eosinophils (p=0.0203) and lymphocytes (p=0.0198). Aerobic training positively modulates chronic airway inflammation and remodeling mediators, beyond to improve systemic inflammation in intermittent and mild asthmatic patients. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 20/03994-0 - Pro and anti-fibrotic proteins and asthma: is there a correlation betwween their levels with inflammation and airway resistance?
• Grantee: Victor Hugo Souza Palmeira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 19/11008-9 - The role of physical training in the pulmonary pro and anti-fibrotic responses of asthmatic individuals
• Grantee: Renilson Moraes Ferreira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 12/15165-2 - Role of purinergic signaling and of SOCS-JAK-STAT signaling in the antiinflammatory effects of aerobic training in experimental models of asma and in asthmatic individuals
• Grantee: Rodolfo de Paula Vieira
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/11244-4 - Effects of combined physical training on the pulmonary mechanics and function and on the pulmonary and systemic immune response of obese women
• Grantee: Anamei Silva Reis
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 19/05739-0 - Role of kinins in the anti-inflammatory effects of aerobic training in experimental models of Asthma
• Grantee: Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandão Rangel
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate