Typologies of violence against women in Brazil: A latent class analysis of how violence and HIV intersect

Author(s)

Tsuyuki, Kiyomi ; Stockman, Jamila K. ; Knauth, Daniela ; J. Catabay, Christina ; He, Feng ; Al-Alusi, Noor A. ; Pilecco, Flavia Bulegon ; Jain, Sonia ; Barbosa, Regina Maria

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH; v. 15, n. 11, p. 16-pg., 2020-06-09.

Abstract

We address the limited understanding around the overlap between violence and HIV in Brazil. Data was from two clinic-based samples of HIV-positive (n = 1534) and HIV-negative women (n = 1589) in Sao Paulo and Porto Alegre. We conducted latent class analysis and identified violence typologies by type of violence, life course timing, frequency, and perpetrator, stratified by city and HIV-status. Overall, HIV-positive women experienced more lifetime physical and sexual violence than HIV-negative women. Twelve unique violence latent classes were identified. In Sao Paulo, HIV-positive women were likely to have endured physical violence several times (Conditional Probability [CP]: 0.80) by an intimate partner (CP: 0.85), and sexual violence several times (CP: 0.46) by an intimate partner (CP: 0.62). In Porto Alegre, HIV-positive women endured physical violence several times (CP: 0.80) by an intimate partner (CP: 0.70) during childhood/adolescence (CP: 0.48), and sexual violence several times (CP: 0.54) by an intimate partner (CP: 0.60). Findings inform interventions to educate around gender equity, violence, and the health effects of violence including HIV, integrate HIV and violence services, and improve the provision of bio-medical HIV prevention among HIV-negative women who experience violence. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/25239-3 - GENIH study - gender and HIV infection: sexual and reproductive health practices and decisions
• Grantee: Regina Maria Barbosa
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants