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(Reference retrieved automatically from SciELO through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Effects of immune exhaustion and senescence of innate immunity in autoimmune disorders

Full text
Author(s):
A.L.S. Cunha [1] ; S.F. Perazzio
Total Authors: 2
Affiliation:
[1] Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Divisão de Reumatologia - Brasil
Total Affiliations: 2
Document type: Journal article
Source: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research; v. 57, 2024-06-17.
Abstract

Innate immune system activation is crucial in the inflammatory response, but uncontrolled activation can lead to autoimmune diseases. Cellular exhaustion and senescence are two processes that contribute to innate immune tolerance breakdown. Exhausted immune cells are unable to respond adequately to specific antigens or stimuli, while senescent cells have impaired DNA replication and metabolic changes. These processes can impair immune system function and disrupt homeostasis, leading to the emergence of autoimmunity. However, the influence of innate immune exhaustion and senescence on autoimmune disorders is not well understood. This review aims to describe the current findings on the role of innate immune exhaustion and senescence in autoimmunity, focusing on the cellular and molecular changes involved in each process. Specifically, the article explores the markers and pathways associated with immune exhaustion, such as PD-1 and TIM-3, and senescence, including Β-galactosidase (β-GAL), lamin B1, and p16ink4a, and their impact on autoimmune diseases, namely type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and immune-mediated myopathies. Understanding the mechanisms underlying innate immune exhaustion and senescence in autoimmunity may provide insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 18/00555-6 - NF-kB pathway hyperactivation and its interplay with CD40L on Behçet's Disease: a possible link for the autoinflammatory phenotype
Grantee:Sandro Félix Perazzio
Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
FAPESP's process: 19/23469-0 - NF-kB pathway hyperactivation and its interplay with CD40L on Behçets Disease: a possible link for the autoinflammatory phenotype
Grantee:André Luiz Soares da Cunha
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master