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High performance of supercapacitors containing an ionic liquid electrolyte by means of electrochemical and computational studies

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Author(s):
Venancio, Raissa ; da Silva, Debora A. C. ; Borges, Ludmila O. ; Silva, Isabel A. ; Da Silva, Leonardo Morais ; Doubek, Gustavo ; Siqueira, Leonardo J. A. ; Zanin, Hudson
Total Authors: 8
Document type: Journal article
Source: Electrochimica Acta; v. 535, p. 13-pg., 2025-09-20.
Abstract

This study characterizes the electrochemical behavior of symmetric coin cells with AC-based electrodes filled with the ammonium-based ionic liquid, a promising supercapacitor electrolyte due to its large voltage window and ambient temperature operation. We employed cyclic voltammetry, single-step chronoamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitors thoroughly. Our findings highlight the quasi-rectangular current-voltage profile up to 3.6 V, beyond which a faradaic current due to electrolyte degradation becomes significant. These results revealed a minor faradaic component, with impedance analysis showing typical behavior of well-formed electrical double layers (EDLs), influenced by the unique properties of ionic liquids. We observed that the ion dynamics and capacitance behavior align well with theoretical models, particularly the Goodwin-Kornishev mean-field theory. The study underscores the potential of ionic liquid-based supercapacitors to achieve high performance, with specific capacitance values reaching similar to 2000 F g(-1) and great energy and power output, comparable to lithium-ion batteries. Molecular dynamics simulations further elucidated the charging mechanisms, ion migration, and structural interactions within the EDLs. These comprehensive insights validate the suitability of butyltrimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [N-1114][NTf2] for advanced supercapacitor applications, highlighting its ability to deliver exceptional electrochemical performance under optimized conditions. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 22/11983-4 - Spectroscopy signal enhancement: nanomaterials, theory, and computer simulation
Grantee:Mauro Carlos Costa Ribeiro
Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
FAPESP's process: 17/11958-1 - CINE - Advanced Energy Storage Division
Grantee:Rubens Maciel Filho
Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research Centers in Engineering Program
FAPESP's process: 19/18125-0 - Computational study of materials with application in energy storage
Grantee:Leonardo José Amaral de Siqueira
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
FAPESP's process: 17/11986-5 - Generation and storage of New Energy: bringing technological development for the country
Grantee:Ana Flávia Nogueira
Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research Centers in Engineering Program
FAPESP's process: 14/02163-7 - Development of supercapacitors devices from graphene, carbon nanotubes and diamonds
Grantee:Hudson Giovani Zanin
Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants