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Multi-stage ethanol-water biorefining of pomegranate pomace by-product enables time-resolved fractionation of fatty acids, phenolics and protein-rich residual biomass

Full text
Author(s):
Ferraz, Lucas Previtali ; Silva, Eric Keven
Total Authors: 2
Document type: Journal article
Source: Bioresource Technology; v. 442, p. 15-pg., 2025-12-03.
Abstract

Efficient recovery of oils and phenolics from fruit pomace using food-grade solvents is challenged by composition shifts and extraction kinetics. Here, a multi-stage ethanol-water biorefining of pomegranate pomace was benchmarked under stirred liquid (SLE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) regimes. Early alcoholic fractions preserved punicic acid (C18:3n-5 approximate to 78 %), while later ones shifted toward higher saturation. PLE maximized phenolic yield (11.96 mg GAE g-1) and concentration per solvent unit, whereas UAE achieved faster concentration ratios (CR = 0.8 in 7.5 min). Hydroalcoholic extracts were dominated by punicalagin and ellagic acid, showing time-dependent hydrolysis. Representative extracts maintained antioxidant capacity during 28 days at 25 degrees C. Residual biomass exhibited higher protein retention after PLE and lignin-enriched signatures. Path2Green screening identified solvent recycling and energy efficiency as key sustain-ability levers. This kinetic mapping defines actionable operating windows for targeting oil quality, phenolic enrichment, and greener bioprocessing. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 20/11255-3 - Pulsed electric field: design of non-thermal processes, functional foods and biomaterials
Grantee:Eric Keven Silva
Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
FAPESP's process: 23/09326-8 - Pulsed electric field and ultrasound for obtaining ingredients and multifunctional encapsulating systems from plant by-products
Grantee:Lucas Previtali Ferraz
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
FAPESP's process: 23/01876-9 - Pulsed electric field: Design of non-thermal processes, functional foods, and biomaterials
Grantee:Eric Keven Silva
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Young Researchers