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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Toll-like receptor activity in Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration

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Author(s):
Borra, Ricardo Carneiro [1] ; Barros, Fabiana de Mesquita ; Lotufo, Monica de Andrade ; Villanova, Fabiolla Elizabeth [2] ; Andrade, Priscila Maria [2]
Total Authors: 5
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Ibirapuera, Curso Odontol, Postgrad Program Biodent, BR-03316000 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Med Invest, LIM55, Div Urol, Sao Paulo - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 2
Document type: Journal article
Source: JOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE; v. 38, n. 3, p. 289-298, MAR 2009.
Web of Science Citations: 9
Abstract

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are membrane proteins that recognize conserved molecules derived from bacterial, virus, fungal or host tissues. Activation of TLRs causes the production of cytokines that mediate inflammatory responses and drive T helper (Th) 1 and 2 cell development. As an exaggerated Th1 immune response is supposed to be involved in pathogenesis of Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration (RAU), we suggest that RAU patients may have an imbalance in TLR pathways. To study the function of TLR activation ex vivo, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from RAU patients (n = 17) and controls (n = 17) were exposed to TLR2 {[}lipoteichoic acid (LTA), heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes (HKLM) and PamC3CSK4], TLR3 {[}Poly(I:C)], TLR4 {[}lipopolysaccharide (LPS)], TLR5 (flagellin) and TLR7 (imiquimod) ligands, and the time course of supernatant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, serological and salivary TNF-alpha and soluble CD14 levels were quantified. The TNF-alpha produced by PBMCs in contact with each TLR ligand and autologous serum or saliva at the same time was also investigated. The data were analyzed by statistical multivariate tests. The control group had a higher response to LTA, whereas RAU had a higher response to HKLM. LTA and LPS interfered with the salivary stimulation of the RAU PBMC and HKLM with the stimulation of the control. Autologous serum was capable of inhibiting TLR2 responsiveness to LTA and enhancing LPS stimulation. Salivary and serological levels of sCD14 and TNF-alpha were not significantly different. Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration patients have an anomalous activity of the TLR2 pathway that probably influences the stimulation of an abnormal Th1 immune response. (AU)