Antimicrobial strategies centered around reactive oxygen species - bactericidal antibiotics, photodynamic therapy, and beyond

Author(s):Show less -

Vatansever, Fatma ^{[1, 2]} ; de Melo, Wanessa C. M. A. ^{[1, 3]} ; Avci, Pinar ^{[1, 2, 4]} ; Vecchio, Daniela ^{[1, 2]} ; Sadasivam, Magesh ^{[1, 5]} ; Gupta, Asheesh ^{[1, 2, 6]} ; Chandran, Rakkiyappan ^{[1, 5]} ; Karimi, Mahdi ^{[1, 7, 8]} ; Parizotto, Nivaldo A. ^{[1, 2, 9]} ; Yin, Rui ^{[1, 2, 10]} ; Tegos, George P. ^{[1, 2, 11, 12]} ; Hamblin, Michael R. ^{[1, 2, 13]}

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Wellman Ctr Photomed, Boston, MA 02114 - USA

^[2] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Boston, MA 02115 - USA

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[4] Semmelweis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Budapest - Hungary

^[5] Amity Univ Uttar Pradesh, Amity Inst Nanotechnol, Noida - India

^[6] Def Inst Physiol & Allied Sci, Delhi - India

^[7] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Biol Sci, Dept Nanobiotechnol, Tehran - Iran

^[8] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Biol Sci, Dept Biophys, Tehran - Iran

^[9] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Physiotherapy, Lab Electromorphophototherapy, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[10] Third Mil Med Univ, Southwest Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Chongqing - Peoples R China

^[11] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Mol Discovery, Albuquerque, NM 87131 - USA

^[12] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 - USA

^[13] MIT, Harvard Mit Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA 02139 - USA

• Document type: Review article
• Source: FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS; v. 37, n. 6, p. 955-989, NOV 2013.
• Web of Science Citations: 224

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can attack a diverse range of targets to exert antimicrobial activity, which accounts for their versatility in mediating host defense against a broad range of pathogens. Most ROS are formed by the partial reduction in molecular oxygen. Four major ROS are recognized comprising superoxide (O2(center dot-)), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical ((OH)-O-center dot), and singlet oxygen (O-1(2)), but they display very different kinetics and levels of activity. The effects of O2(center dot-) and H2O2 are less acute than those of center dot OH and O-1(2), because the former are much less reactive and can be detoxified by endogenous antioxidants (both enzymatic and nonenzymatic) that are induced by oxidative stress. In contrast, no enzyme can detoxify (OH)-O-center dot or O-1(2), making them extremely toxic and acutely lethal. The present review will highlight the various methods of ROS formation and their mechanism of action. Antioxidant defenses against ROS in microbial cells and the use of ROS by antimicrobial host defense systems are covered. Antimicrobial approaches primarily utilizing ROS comprise both bactericidal antibiotics and nonpharmacological methods such as photodynamic therapy, titanium dioxide photocatalysis, cold plasma, and medicinal honey. A brief final section covers reactive nitrogen species and related therapeutics, such as acidified nitrite and nitric oxide-releasing nanoparticles. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/07194-7 - Use of low-level laser and light-emitting diode therapy to increase muscle performance: from in vitro and experimental studies to clinical applications
• Grantee: Cleber Ferraresi
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• FAPESP's process: 11/06240-8 - Effects of Biosilicate® associated with low level laser therapy during bone repair in rats
• Grantee: Nivaldo Antonio Parizotto
• Support type: Regular Research Grants