| Grant number: | 19/14115-0 |
| Support Opportunities: | Regular Research Grants |
| Start date: | July 01, 2020 |
| End date: | June 30, 2021 |
| Field of knowledge: | Biological Sciences - Immunology - Applied Immunology |
| Principal Investigator: | André Luis Lacerda Bachi |
| Grantee: | André Luis Lacerda Bachi |
| Host Institution: | Universidade de Santo Amaro (UNISA). São Paulo , SP, Brazil |
| Associated scholarship(s): | 20/12400-7 - Influence of l-glutamine supplementation in the sarcopenia and immune/inflammatory response both systemic and in the respiratory tract of elderly practitioners or not of a regular program of combined physical exercises submitted to influenza virus vaccine, BP.TT |
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial phenomenon that can be defined as a dynamic and progressive process in which morphological, functional, biochemical and psychological alterations occur due to the interaction of a several variables such as genetic factors, lifestyle and diseases. In general, such alterations lead to loss of functional capacity of many organic systems. Among the most altered, it is can highlight the immune and also the skeletal muscle systems. Regarding the aging of the immune system, named immunosenescence, it is characterized by a higher susceptibility to infections, cancer and increased laboratory expression of autoimmunity. In relation to the alterations on the skeletal muscle system due to aging, there is an increased risk of developing sarcopenia, which is characterized by the loss of strength and skeletal muscle mass as well as reduction of physical mobility that can lead to severe consequences of daily life activities. Both immunosenescence and sarcopenia in the elderly subjects are largely influenced by the "inflamm-aging", which is characterized by a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation associated with aging. However, the degree of decline in the immune response and development of sarcopenia is different among elderly population, because several everyday habits, such as regular practice of physical exercises and also supplementation with protein or amino acids, especially glutamine, may contribute to the maintenance of immune response function and muscle mass. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of L-glutamine supplementation on the muscle mass and function (which characterizes the sarcopenia) as well as both systemic and upper airways immune/inflammatory response of elderly practitioners or not of a regular program of combined physical exercise training (with aerobic and resistance physical exercises) submitted to the vaccination against the Influenza virus. For this purpose, we will use data and biological samples, previously stored, that it was obtained before and 30 days after vaccination against Influenza virus from two groups of elderly: non-practitioners (NP, n = 45) or practitioners of a regular program of combined exercise training, both aerobic and resistance (CET, n = 45). It is worth mention that on the same day of vaccination, volunteers from each group were separated into two subgroups: L-glutamine, that received 30 doses of L-glutamine (0.3 g / kg body weight) + maltodextrin (0, 3g / kg body weight) or placebo that received 30 doses of maltodextrin (0.6g / kg body weight). All volunteers were oriented to dilute the supplements in 250mL of water and immediately ingest the solution once daily during 30 days. In order to determine the presence and degree of sarcopenia in the volunteers of each subgroup, it were performed the evaluation of muscle strenght using Handgrip; body composition by bioimpedance and also mobility physical through the Short Physical Performance Battery. Regarding the immune/inflammatory response evaluation, all volunteers were submitted to vaccination against Influenza virus and blood samples, saliva and nasal lavage were collected in two moments: before and 30 days after vaccination, to determine the activation profile of lymphocytes; the concentration of cytokines, antimicrobial peptides and total antibodies against the influenza virus vaccine. (AU)
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