Abstract
This project aims to advance the current knowledge of Brazilian water security, paving the way for a better understanding of climate and human impacts on water availability in the country. The project encompasses both local and country-wise studies of different environmental scientific subjects on the intertwined connection between hydrological processes, society, climate and land use. The local studies will be held in the Guarani Aquifer System (GAS) zone and other relevant areas for hydrological sciences in Brazil, allowing comparisons to advance in research gaps and promote a network of collaborations. The proposal will be divided into six subprojects: (i) Physical hydrology and natural tracers: empirical studies in representative watersheds; (ii) Advances towards multiple strategies to better understand fluxes of water vapor and greenhouse gasses in contrasting land covers in rural tropical areas; (iii) Soil erosion and overland flow processes: scale factors, tracers, and land use and land cover dynamics; (iv) Alternatives for investigating and mitigating sites potentially contaminated by Municipal Solid Waste disposal in Brazil; (v) Assessment of nitrate contamination for water security and quality of public water supply service; and (vi) Water security and public policies: development of scientific-based solutions. The subprojects (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), and (v) have the empirical science as the basis of their purposes and methods, as they will acquire information from different hydrological hotspots to provide new interpretations and relationships to leverage our comprehension of the water security dimensions and strategies aimed at enhancing water supply reliability. The subproject (vi) will integrate the datasets and discoveries to be achieved by the other projects to inform policy-making and improve decision-making. Additionally, it will foster collaboration between the realms of scientific, socioeconomic, and political domains through the development of accessible tools and the comprehensive dissemination of data to engage decisionmakers, policymakers, and society at large. (AU)
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