Tolerance to high temperature in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

• Grant number: 15/18427-6
• Support Opportunities: Research Program on Global Climate Change - Regular Grants
• Start date: February 01, 2016
• End date: January 31, 2018
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Genetics - Plant Genetics
• Principal Investigator: Alisson Fernando Chiorato
• Grantee: Alisson Fernando Chiorato
• Host Institution: Instituto Agronômico (IAC). Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA). Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento (São Paulo - Estado). Campinas , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: Cecilia Alzira Ferreira Pinto Maglio ; Eduardo Caruso Machado ; João Guilherme Ribeiro Gonçalves ; José Antonio de Fátima Esteves ; Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro ; Sérgio Augusto Morais Carbonell

Abstract

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the main crops produced in Brazil and in the world, being an important basic food, as a source of vegetable protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and iron. Due to the origin of the crop on regions with mean high altitudes the crop is sensitive to high temperatures. Given the predictions of climate change with the increase in global temperature as a result of greenhouse gas emissions in the most crop areas, is putting at risk the food security and in this context, it is necessary to better understand the physiological mechanisms of the high temperatures tolerance, as well as the identification of genetic factors that control the physiological responses to select new combinations that induce to the maximization of the production front to the heat stress. Therefore, the objectives of this study will be to investigate the effects of high temperature stress in twelve common bean genotypes in natural growing conditions in two locations with different climate zones (hot and mild) and three sowing dates (summer 2015 and winter 2016), to assess the existence of genotype x environment effects, selecting the most contrasting genotypes to heat tolerance. To evaluate the behavior of these genotypes under controlled conditions (phytotron) aiming the heat stress, checking the membranes integrity, the chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters, pollen grain viability, total contents of sugar and, gene expression analyze of 15 candidates genes which encodes for heat shock proteins and heat shock transcription factors by RT-PCR. With this project it is expected to establish an efficient methodology for genotypes evaluation to selecting for heat tolerance, integrate these genotypes in crossing blocks, as well to understand the genetic mechanisms involved in the physiological responses observed at tolerant cultivars for high temperature. (AU)