Investigation on the mechanisms involved in hippocampal sclerosis associated with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

• Grant number: 16/22447-5
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Duration: March 01, 2018 - February 29, 2020
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Physiology - Physiology of Organs and Systems
• Principal Investigator: Andre Schwambach Vieira
• Grantee: Andre Schwambach Vieira
• Host Institution: Instituto de Biologia (IB). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas , SP, Brazil
• Associated scholarship(s): 18/17899-0 - Investigation on the mechanisms involved in hippocampal sclerosis associated with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, BP.TT; 18/06300-0 - Investigation on the mechanisms involved in hippocampal sclerosis associated with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, BP.TT

Abstract

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) is the most common adult focal epilpesy, and Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (MTLE) is the most frequente TLE subtype. The most frequent neuroimage finding in MTLE patients is Mesial Temporal Sclerosis, that has hippocampal atrophy as one of its main components. The electrical stimulation of the perforant pathway for a period of 8 hours in awake rats is reproduces hippocampal lesion with a morphology that resembles the human condition without the induction of an episode of status epilepticus (SE). In order for animals to survive such a long period of stimulation in this model it is necessary two days of 30 minutes preconditioning sessions by electrical stimulation of the perforant pathway. The preconditioning sessions probably result in an increase in inhibition, or a reduction in excitation in the hippocampus. It is possible that an intense induction of excitatory activity in this region concomitant with high inhibitory activity is a crucial factor for the extensive neural degeneration observed in this animal model. However, the molecular mechanisms, and even which components of the inhibitory or excitatory systems are changes by preconditioning are still unknown.Therefore, the objective of the present project is to explore the biological processes, and the respective molecular components involved in the preconditioning by electrical stimulation of the hippomcampus employing transcriptomic analysis of different subregions from this tissue. These analyses would give new insights into the interrelations between molecular mechanisms and functional changes in the hippocampus that would be involved in hippocampal atrophy. Such data could point novel components and mechanisms relevant to the pathophysiology of human MTLE. (AU)

Scientific publications

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

A.S. VIEIRA; D.B. DOGINI; I. LOPES-CENDES. Role of non-coding RNAs in non-aging-related neurological disorders. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, v. 51, n. 8, 2018-06-11. (13/07559-3, 16/22447-5)

BRANDAO, ARTHUR FREITAS; BONET, IVAN JOSE MAGAYEWSKI; PAGLIUSI, JR., MARCO; ZANETTI, GABRIEL GERARDINI; PHO, NAM; TAMBELI, CLAUDIA HERRERA; PARADA, CARLOS AMILCAR; VIEIRA, ANDRE SCHWAMBACH; SARTORI, CESAR RENATO. Physical Activity Induces Nucleus Accumbens Genes Expression Changes Preventing Chronic Pain Susceptibility Promoted by High-Fat Diet and Sedentary Behavior in Mice. FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE, v. 13, JAN 22 2020. (16/22447-5)