Is inflammation resolution failing in adipose tissue of cachectic patients?

• Grant number: 13/25207-7
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• Start date: February 01, 2014
• End date: December 31, 2017
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Biochemistry - Metabolism and Bioenergetics
• Principal Investigator: Marilia Cerqueira Leite Seelaender
• Grantee: Katrin Radloff
• Host Institution: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 12/50079-0 - Systemic inflammation in cachectic cancer patients: mechanisms and therapeutical strategies, a translational medicine approach, AP.TEM
• Associated scholarship(s): 16/09988-7 - Modulation by the fatty acid profile of inflammatory macrophage activity in cancer cachexia: consequences on cell function, BE.EP.DD

Abstract

Cancer associated Cachexia is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle tissue and frequently of adipose tissue as well. Furthermore Cachexia is not only accompanied but also supposed to be partially caused by systemic inflammation leading to a low performance of cancer patients and an increased mortality. Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-±, IL-6, IL-1² or IFN-³ are characteristic for systemic inflammation and are involved in metabolic changes, impairment of food intake and the degradation of tissue. During Cachexia the adipose tissue releases more fatty acids, potential precursor molecules for production of bioactive lipid compounds such prostaglandins and resolvins or lipoxins. Resolvins and lipoxins are already shown to resolve inflammation in other illnesses such as peritonitis. The adipose tissue itself contributes to the systemic inflammation and Cachexia in order to the increased immigration of macrophages and release of inflammation markers. We are hypothesizing that an improvement of the inflammatory processes in the adipose tissue could result in a systemic decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an amelioration of cancer Cachexia. Thus we aim to resolve the inflammation of the adipose via treatment with resolvins and other lipid mediators. Therefore we evaluate the distribution patterns of lipid mediators in the adipose tissue of cachectic and non cachectic patients. Furthermore try to induce inflammation resolution via incubating adipose tissue explants with pro resolving compounds in an ex-vivo approach. (AU)

Scientific publications

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

DE CASTRO, GABRIELA S.; CORREIA-LIMA, JOANNA; SIMOES, ESTEFANIA; ORSSO, CAMILA E.; XIAO, JINGJIE; GAMA, LEONARDO R.; GOMES, SILVIO P.; GONCALVES, DANIELA CAETANO; COSTA, RAQUEL G. F.; RADLOFF, KATRIN; et al. Myokines in treatment-naive patients with cancer-associated cachexia. Clinical Nutrition, v. 40, n. 4, p. 2443-2455, APR 2021. (16/12508-7, 12/50079-0, 16/13810-9, 13/25207-7, 16/02780-1)

Academic Publications

(References retrieved automatically from State of São Paulo Research Institutions)

RADLOFF, Katrin. The role of the fatty acid profile and its modulation by cytokines in the systemic inflammation in cancer cachexia.. 2018. Doctoral Thesis - Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB/SDI) São Paulo.