Evaluation of accessions exotic soybean in different environments

• Grant number: 14/04296-4
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: August 01, 2014
• End date: July 31, 2015
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Genetics - Plant Genetics
• Principal Investigator: José Baldin Pinheiro
• Grantee: Sabrina Della Bruna
• Host Institution: Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Piracicaba , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Soybean ( Glycine max ) , belonging to the family Fabaceae ( GAZZONI , 1994) is an autogamous plant with chromosome number 2n = 40 ( SEDIYAMA , 2009) . Brazil is establishing itself as a leading global producer of soybeans , along with the United States , Argentina and China ( FAOSTAT , 2011) . Within the national territory , the South-Central region is the main producing area of culture and the states of Mato Grosso , Paraná , Rio Grande do Sul and Goiás the most significant production . It is estimated a crop of 29,452,600 hectares and an average yield of 3.057 kg / ha for the 2013/2014 harvest ( CONAB 2013 ) . However , despite the gains in yield, only a small fraction of the genetic diversity of soybean has been used for plant breeding; parallel , studies of genotypic characterization of legume reported that the genetic basis of culture is narrow and that a significant part of agronomic traits are influenced by environmental factors , factor that causes different behavior in a genotype. Considering this, the search for soybean cultivars with better adaptation and yield, requires testing of lines and hence replication in different enviroments - in order to identify the true genotypic value of cultivars , correctly selecting the best lines for employment in a project of breeding . Concomitant addressed to , this work aims to evaluate the agronomic performance of 95 genotypes , 80 exotic accessions and 15 commercial checks , and quantify the magnitude of genotype by environment interactions for traits. Aiming subsequently identify those most promising genotypes to be incorporated into the soybean breeding program. (AU)