Physical attributes of an Oxisol cultivated with legumes in the off season preceding the corn in organic system

• Grant number: 16/15516-0
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Effective date (Start): November 01, 2016
• Effective date (End): October 31, 2017
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Soil Science
• Principal researcher: Carolina dos Santos Batista Bonini
• Grantee: Melissa Alexandre Santos
• Home Institution: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Dracena. Dracena , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Concern for the sustainable use of natural resources has promoted the appreciation of organic food. This project aims to determine the effectiveness of green manure on weed control, the benefits of the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and the performance of the corn grown in succession culture. The experiment will be developed at the Regional Center of the Far West, in Andradina-SP, during the growing season (2016/17). The experimental design is a randomized block with four replications. 7 will be evaluated treatments consisting of legumes (pork beans, velvet bean, mucuna, Lab lab, juncea Crotalaria, pork beans + velvet bean and fallow). They will be assessed the following agronomic characteristics of corn: flowering cycle, plant height and the first spike, weight of ears husked and husked, green mass of plants, commercial and total number of spikes, diameter and average length of husked ears. For green manure will be evaluated: cycle, fresh and dry mass of plants. Before the experiment implantation and after harvest of corn cobs, the soil will be sampled and determined the chemical characteristics (phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, organic matter, pH, potential acidity, base sums, cation exchange capacity and base saturation) and physical (penetration resistance, density and porosity of the soil, water infiltration into the soil and water stability in aggregate) at 0-0.10 me 0.10-0.20 cm. The data will be analyzed by performing an analysis of variance, Scott-Knott test at 5% probability for the comparison of means.