Quality of an ultisol implementation of the direct seeding system

• Grant number: 19/21681-2
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: December 01, 2019
• End date: February 29, 2020
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Soil Science
• Principal Investigator: Carolina dos Santos Batista Bonini
• Grantee: Melissa Alexandre Santos
• Supervisor: Antonio Paz-González
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Dracena. Dracena , SP, Brazil
• Institution abroad: Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Spain
• Associated to the scholarship: 17/20003-5 - Physical properties of a ultisol in implementation of no-tillage seeding, BP.IC

Abstract

Agricultural systems associated with the use of inadequate tillage equipment result in rapid soil degradation and consequently resulting in lower yields. The use of rougher forages, such as the Urochloa genus, has mitigated the problem of degradation, but with the frequent and inadequate exploitation of these soils, not even these forages have developed well under these conditions; making evident the need for studies related to the recovery of degraded areas. These areas used for agricultural production have been increasingly exploited resulting in degraded soils and consequently reflecting lower productivity, as their physical and chemical attributes may be negatively influenced by misuse of the soil. The present project aims to evaluate the effect of intercropped soybean and tropical forage crops on changes in soil physical and chemical properties and also to evaluate the data using other mathematical methods of a dystrophic Red Yellow Ultisol under no-tillage system. The experiment was carried out at the Faculty of Agrarian and Technological Sciences - UNESP/FCAT, in the municipality of Dracena/SP, with a randomized block design with four replications, in a 4x2 factorial scheme, considering four levels of the SPD factor, composed by four main treatments and two secondary treatments, namely: 1 - Witness with conventional soybean planting; 2 - No-till soybean with Uroclhoa Ruziziensis forage; 3 - No-till soybean with Uroclhoa Brizantha cv. Paiaguás; 4 - No-till soybean with Uroclhoa Brizantha cv. Piatan; The subplots will be different fertilizers, described below: 1 - with topical potting fertilizer with humics and 2 - with topical potting fertilizer + Heringer® Humics. The evaluations that have already been performed are: aggregate stability, soil porosity, water infiltration, mechanical resistance to penetration, soil moisture and crop yield. Soil analyzes were done in three soil layers, from 0.00-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m. It also intends to evaluate at the University of Coruna the fractionation of infrared organic matter and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results will be analyzed by performing the analysis of variance, simple correlation and contrasts at 5% probability for the comparison of means. And also multifractal analysis will be used. (AU)