Comparative study of dietary determinants of cardiometabolic risk in adults from Brazil and England

• Grant number: 21/10940-7
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• Effective date (Start): April 26, 2022
• Effective date (End): January 28, 2023
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Nutrition - Nutrition Biochemistry
• Principal Investigator: Marcelo Macedo Rogero
• Grantee: Paula Nascimento Brandão Lima
• Supervisor: Professor John Cummings Mathers
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Saúde Pública (FSP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Research place: Newcastle University, England
• Associated to the scholarship: 19/22934-1 - Association between circulating microRNA, cardiometabolic biomarkers and diet in adult individuals participants of a population-based study - ISA-Capital, BP.DR

Abstract

Introduction: Dietary patterns are determined by demographic, socioeconomic and cultural factors; besides presenting a high impact on health, being this one of the modifiable risk factors directly linked to the development of noncommunicable diseases. Western and inflammatory dietary patterns are related to obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation; in contrast, healthier eating patterns have favorable effects on body composition and, consequently, in reducing the risk of obesity and its comorbidities. Assessment of diet and cardiometabolic risk factors across nations with different demographic, cultural, genetic, and economic backgrounds may allow us to expand the diet-disease relations. This research internship project aims to evaluate the association of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with cardiometabolic risk and lifestyle factors in individuals between 17 and 77 years of age from Brazil and England. Methods: This project will use the socioeconomic, anthropometric, clinic, lifestyle data and blood markers from two studies: the 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo with a focus in Nutrition (2015 ISA-Nutrition, São Paulo, Brazil) and The Biomarkers Of RIsk of Colorectal Cancer (BORICC) Study, conducted in 2005 (North Shields, Tyne & Wear, United Kingdom). The sub-sample of 279 adults aged 20-59 years from 2015 ISA-Nutrition will be compared to adults aged 17-77 years from the "health arm" of BORICC study (n = 262). The population will be classified according to the cardiometabolic risk factors, and differences in biomarkers between populations living in São Paulo and England will be verified using the appropriate parametric or non-parametric tests. To the association of the DII with cardiovascular risk factors will be evaluated using regression models with potential confounding variables (e.g. sociodemographic and lifestyle factors). All analysis will be performed using the STATA software version 14.0, and p <0.05 will be considered statistically significant.