Periods of weed interference in irrigated peanuts

• Grant number: 22/08491-2
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• Effective date (Start): December 01, 2022
• Effective date (End): February 29, 2024
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Plant Health
• Principal Investigator: Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves
• Grantee: Treyce Stephane Cristo Tavares
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Jaboticabal. Jaboticabal , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Water deficiency promotes the main negative impact on the peanut crop. In São Paulo, the main producing state, frequent summers occur and the peanut crop has a water requirement of 500mm to 700mm for its growth, which can be supplied by irrigation, even allowing sowing at different times of the year. Another problem is the interference of weeds in peanut cultivation and the periods of coexistence of a culture with the weeds can be determined through the study of the critical periods of interference. Among them, the PAI, which is the period of coexistence without loss of productivity; the PTPI, when the control will not produce any benefit and the PCPI, the period in which there must be control to avoid significant losses in productivity. The hypotheses are that the periods of weed interference in the peanut crop will be different from those reported in the traditional sowing window and that peanuts under irrigation will acquire a competitive advantage, being able to exert cultural control over the weed community. To support the hypotheses, the study aims to evaluate the periods of weed interference in peanut (Arachis hypogeae cv. IAC OL 3) under central pivot irrigation. The experimental design will be in randomized blocks with 14 treatments in 4 replications. The treatments will be divided into groups: "clean treatment" and "bush treatment", each group will be composed of seven periods of coexistence or control: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after emergence. In these occasions, the weeds will be identified, counted and their aerial parts collected and dried for the quantification of the dry mass. With this information, the phytosociology of the weed community will be carried out. At the end of the cycle, the peanuts will be harvested and the mass of pods and grains will be determined, corrected to 13% moisture; the mass of 100 grains will also be determined. The data obtained will be subjected to analysis of variance by the F test, the means will be compared by the Tukey test and to determine the periods of interference (PAI, PTPI and PCPI) will be used peanut yield data, subjected to regression analysis by Boltzmann's sigmoidal model.