PLA/PEG polymeric membranes incorporated with 45S5 and 58S bioglass for bone tissue regeneration: comparative analysis on in vitro osteogenesis

• Grant number: 22/16646-6
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: March 01, 2023
• End date: February 29, 2024
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry
• Principal Investigator: Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
• Grantee: Júlia Andrade de Oliveira
• Host Institution: Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de São José dos Campos. São José dos Campos , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Autogenous bone is still considered the gold standard for replacing bone defects, but it has characteristics that limit its use, such as the need for more than one surgical site, limited availability, and the possibility of postoperative complications. Thus, synthetic biomaterials, including polymeric materials, have been widely used for bone regeneration, due to the possibility of several applications in healing, repair and tissue regeneration. The addition of active substances, such as bioglasses, can be an alternative to improve the properties of polymers, since they have excellent bioactivity, a characteristic that increases the rate of bone healing and enhances the osteoconductive capacity of the material. This project aims to evaluate the in vitro biological behavior of polylactic acid and polyethylene glycol (PLA and PGE) polymeric membranes associated with 45S5 and 58S bioglasses. The biomaterials will be obtained by the electrospinning method from a polymeric solution of polylactic acid and polyethylene glycol incorporated with 45S5 and 58S bioglass. After production, the morphological characterization of the materials will be carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion (EDS). After the characterization, for the in vitro study, mesenchymal cells will be obtained from the bone marrow of rat femurs and differentiated into osteoblasts to evaluate the influence of the biomaterial on cell activity. After cell plating, analysis of cell morphology on the biomaterial will be performed, analysis of cell viability, total protein content, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and formation of mineralization nodules. The data will be statistically analyzed, initially through the normality test, aiming at the application of the appropriate statistical test. The significance level adopted will be the conventional value of 5%.With the development of this project, it is expected that polymeric membranes have the potential to be used as a bone regenerating biomaterial.