Action of gamma-oryzanol on the profile (M1/M2) of macrophages in cardiac tissue of obese animals

• Grant number: 22/14960-5
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: June 01, 2023
• End date: December 31, 2023
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Nutrition - Nutrition Biochemistry
• Principal Investigator: Camila Renata Corrêa
• Grantee: Luís Eduardo Sormani
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Medicina (FMB). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Botucatu. Botucatu , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Obesity, in the last decades, has been pointed out as a public health problem for causing comorbidities that compromise the cardiovascular system. Among the pathophysiological mechanisms is the chronic low-grade inflammation resulting from the predominance of the M1-type macrophage profile. Therapeutic strategies have been investigated in an attempt to relieve these comorbidities so that organs such as the heart can be preserved. Bioactive compounds are of great investigation in the scientific area because they present antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The gamma-oryzanol is a mixture of sterile ferulates or triterpene alcohol with the carboxylic group of ferulic acid that has the ability to decrease the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the myocardium of obese rats. Therefore, the objective of this study is to measure the action of ³-oryzanol on the profile of macrophages (M1 and M2) in cardiac tissue. Wistar rats 21 days old from the animal house of the Paulista State University (UNESP) will be used. The animals will be distributed in four experimental groups (n=12 animals/group). The groups G1, G2, G3 and G4. Group G1 will receive standard diet (SD), G2 standard diet + ³-orizanol (SD+yOz), G3 high carbohydrate and fat diet (DCG) and G4 high carbohydrate and fat diet + ³-orizanol (DCG + yOz) for 30 weeks. The gamma-oryzanol will be added to the diet at a concentration of 0.5%. At the end of the experiment adiposity index, body weight, glycemia, triglycerides, insulin will be evaluated. Cardiac function will be assessed by echocardiography, and in cardiac tissue the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-±) and the labeling of CD68+ and pSTAT1+ (M1 standard) and CD163+ and CMAF+ (M2 standard) will be analyzed in the same LEICA system employed for H&E. Data will be presented by descriptive measures of position and variability and analyzed by specific comparison tests. Statistical differences will be considered for p<5%.