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| Author(s): |
José Henrique da Silva
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2015-03-20 |
| Examining board members: |
Julio Sérgio Marchini;
Fabiola Dach Éckeli;
Jacqueline Isaura Alvarez Leite
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| Advisor: | Julio Sérgio Marchini |
| Abstract | |
RATIONALE: Obesity is an excess of white adipose tissue that causes mechanical, metabolic injuries and mortality of approximately 2.8 million people annually. Its physiology involves alterations in humoral, neural and behavioral mechanisms that interact in brain, which can be elicited by nutrients. Functional neuroimaging techniques, such as Single-photon Emission Tomography (SPECT), arise as tools to evaluate abnormalities in vivo. Therefore, we argue if changes in brain images, after intake of glucose, compared to a test with water, would explain, at least in part, the altered feeding behavior of obesity. OBJECTIVES: Compare perfusion (activation) of brain SPECT images after water vs. glucose intake in obese and normal weight volunteers. Correlate the intensity of perfusion found with blood levels of leptin, insulin and glucose, as well as with the amount of body fat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 women with and 10 women without obesity (n = 20) underwent SPECT twice, after labeling by the [99mTc]-ECD 30 minutes after ingesting 300 ml of water and a solution of 75 grams glucose, on separate days (40 SPECTs) being each subject control of yourself. The images were compared between groups and intragroup using Statistical Parametric Mapping. Mixed effects models were used to assess correlations between variables. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Obese women have higher activation in regions of the Default Mode Network and Salience Network after test with water. While obese have become more engaged in the perception of physiological processes (such as hunger and thirst) at baseline, with water, this group do not seem to respond to changes of these processes elicited by the food offered. After glucose intake, only those with normal weight increased perfusion in regions related to food reward and behavioral control, such as striatum and orbitofrontal and prefrontal cortices. The perfusion in these areas was negatively correlated with the interaction between leptin and insulin (Coef = -. 0.001, p = 0.003). In addition, these regions receive dopaminergic afferents and therefore we hypothesized that deficits in dopamine signaling could explain the results observed. CONCLUSION: Glucose intake elicited responses related to normal food reward and the appropriate control over appetite in women without obesity, not being observed the same in obese volunteers, a process in which the interaction between insulin and leptin, as well as dopamine signaling seems to participate. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 12/21579-4 - Cerebral perfusion changes in obese subjects after administration of 75 grams of glucose: SPECT study, controlled, blinded and randomized |
| Grantee: | José Henrique da Silva |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct) |