Assessment of the ecogenotoxicologic risk of using textile dyes

Author(s)

Otávio Pelegrino Rocha

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2016-10-11

Examining board members

Danielle Palma de Oliveira; Evandro Gaiad Fischer; Cesar Koppe Grisolia

• Advisor: Danielle Palma de Oliveira

Abstract

This study had as main objective the evaluation of the ecogenotoxicologic risk of the Acid Black 210 and Disperse Violet 93 dyes, used by national and international textile and tanneries industries. To achieve this goal was accomplished an integrated approach to evaluate the risk assessment with the permeability through the Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay (PAMPA), the evaluation of the genotoxic potential using the Comet Assay with HepG2 cells, the assessment of the mutagenic potential through the Ames Assay with the Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains in the absence and presence of exogenous metabolism (S9), the evaluation of the embryo-toxic potential through the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryo Acute Toxicity Test, and, finally, joining the data available in the scientific literature, the evaluation of ecogenotoxicologic risk of using this textile dye. Due to the observation of the absence of toxicity in the testes performed and the information available in the scientific literature, there is no indication that the Acid Black 210 dye has any ecogenotoxicity, and it can be considered safe in the light of current knowledge. Additionally, this study presents the evaluation of the genotoxic potential of the Disperse Violet 93 dye by the Comet Assay and the assessment of embryo-toxic potential of this dye through the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryo Acute Toxicity Test. Considering the observed morphophysiological toxicity in zebrafish embryos and the mutagenicity in S. typhimurium YG1041 strain described by the scientific literature, the Disperse Violet 93 dye needs more studies in other trophic levels to perform its risk assessment. Finally, this study presents the assessment of embryo-toxic potential of effluent pre tannery and aftercare through the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryo Acute Toxicity Test, where the post-treatment effluent showed less embryo-toxic potential, but both presented (even after dilution) coagulation of fertilized eggs, yolk sac edema, scoliosis, malformation of the tail and malformation of the swim bladder. These results highlight the importance of conducting toxicological studies to provide input data for conducting risk assessments of the use of dyes, as they are in constant exposure to the living organisms and the environment (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/09317-7 - Assessment of the ecogenotoxicologic risk of using textile dyes.
• Grantee: Otávio Pelegrino Rocha
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate