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| Author(s): |
Mirella Cunha Melaré
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Jaboticabal. 2018-04-02. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias. Jaboticabal |
| Defense date: | 2018-02-23 |
| Advisor: | Nilva Kazue Sakomura; Matheus De Paula Reis |
| Abstract | |
The use of models in poultry nutrition is becoming decisive among companies, which uses such tool to improve their productivity and profit. In this context, there is a necessity of more research, to study the responses of birds, to elucidate the efficiency of utilization and to produce models to predict an optimal nutrient intake, such as Isoleucine (Ile) intake. The objective of this work was to evaluate the responses of birds submitted to diets with increasing levels of Ile in order to estimate the requirements of this amino acid, as well as to determine the efficiency of isoleucine utilization and to develop models of prediction of Ile requirements for broiler chickens. Six dose response trials were carried out, three for males and three for females, with 640 Ross 308 in each studied phase. The initial (1 to 14 days), grower (14 to 28 days), and finisher (28 to 42 days) phases were evaluated to cover the growing phase of the broiler chicken. In total, 8 treatments were randomly distributed to 4 replicates of 20 birds each. The treatments consisted in 7 crescent levels of Ile and one counter proof, to ensure that Ile was the first limiting amino acid in the diet. Dilution technique was applied to produce the levels of Ile and keep the amino acid ratio with lysine. The response variable where feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). In the firs paper, three different mathematical models (linear broken line (LBL), quadratic broken line (QBL), and polynomial quadratic (QUAD)) were adjusted to observed data, producing the optimal Ile level. The Akaike Information Criteria, a sensibility analysis and an economic simulation were applied to evaluate each model. The optimal Ile intake estimated ranged from 114.81 to 316.83, 535.49 to 1052.43, and 694.54 to 1610.04 mg of Ile per bird daily, for starter, growing and finisher phases, respectively. The QUAD model have the lower AIC value. After a reduction of 10% in the optimal Ile estimated, the LBL was the model with the higher impact in the response variable. According to the economic simulation, the feed formulated with the Ile level estimated by QBL model have the lower cost among all models. Based on the results of this study, QBL model have the best results for economic analysis applied. In the second paper, was to determine the EU and produce factorial models for optimal Ile intake. A different procedure to determine the EU was developed and tested in the models produced. The EU were determined to account for whole body or partitioned for feather free body (Bff) and feather. Two distinct factorial models were developed, M1, M2, and M3. The M2 model were evaluated for one or two EU, being denominated as M2 and M3. Models were tested using the residual against predicted technique. The EU determined considering the whole body was 64%. When the efficiency was partitioned, the values of 53 and 69% for feather and Bff were determined. The optimal Ile intake estimate for each model were of 275, 882, 1399 mg of Ile/bird/day (M1); 258, 806, 1307 mg of Ile/bird/day (M2); and finally 289, 819, 1278 mg of Ile/bird/day (M3) for initial, grower, and finisher phases, respectively. According to the error against predicted method, the results suggests that the M3 is the less biased model, which could be related to the EU, which was partitioned for Bff and feather and applied to M2’. In conclusion, the EU partitioned for feather free body and feather reduced the biased of the M3. The model M1 estimate higher values for Ile intake than models M2 and M3, which may be the difference in account for body weight gain (M1) or only protein gain (M2 and M3) to estimate the amount of amino acid required for broiler chicken in each phase. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 15/25489-8 - Isoleucine requirements for broilers |
| Grantee: | Mirella Cunha Melaré |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |