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| Author(s): |
Mirela Barros Serafim
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto Oceanográfico (IO/DIDC) |
| Defense date: | 2017-06-26 |
| Examining board members: |
Eduardo Siegle;
Flavia Moraes Lins de Barros;
Lucí Hidalgo Nunes
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| Advisor: | Eduardo Siegle; Jarbas Bonetti Filho |
| Abstract | |
The occurrence of coastal infrastructure damage due to wave action has been promoting vulnerability assessments for integrated coastal management. Santa Catarina\'s coastal municipalities concentrate 28% of the state\'s population and the interface between the coastline and the ocean is predominantly composed by wave-dominated sandy beaches. Coastal impacts related to wave-dominated processes, especially at local and regional scales, can produce more damaging effects than large-scale natural processes (e. g., sea level rise). The approach suggested in this study consists of defining a vulnerability multicriteria index, for Santa Catarina\'s coastline, to waves with higher frequency of occurrence and to storm wave events. The coastal vulnerability index (IVC) was obtained by integrating the adaptive capacity index, composed by socioeconomic and occupational variables (constructed area, distance between human settlements and shoreline, number of residents, income per capita and number of households for occasional use), and the susceptibility index - consisting of environmental variables (significant wave height, potential longshore drift gradient, beach width, coastal elevation and slope). The resulting coastal dynamics from nearshore wave incidence is analyzed through the application of a numerical model, integrated with the other variables by geoprocessing techniques in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. The variables\' relevance in the index formula was obtained by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Variables and indices were hierarchized in five vulnerability classes (very low, low, medium, high and very high) and represented in the sectors from the State Coastal Management Plan (GERCO/SC): north, center-north, center, center-south and south. Based on specialists\' opinion on the determination of vulnerability, physical/environmental variables were considered more relevant than socioeconomic variables. The most susceptible and vulnerable sectors are: center-south, south, north, center-north and center, respectively. Sectors with the lowest adaptive capacity are: center-north, center, north, center-south and south, respectively. The low number of residents and settlements in the endangered area, as well as the greater distances between occupied area and the shoreline - variables used to determine adaptive capacity and that contribute to reduction of vulnerability - played a secondary role in the CVI\'s determination for the center-south and south sectors. The northern sectors of the state are less susceptible and vulnerable; however, they are intensely occupied in beaches with smaller beach width, lower elevation and slope (segments with higher susceptibility degrees). The highest occurrence of erosion and flood damage, currently observed at the north of the state, can easily be reversed in case of expansion of settlements near the center-south and south sectors, as a function of the higher susceptibility degrees and lower income per capita and number of households of occasional use found at the south of the state. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 15/10422-5 - Coastal vulnerability of Santa Catarina State to extreme events |
| Grantee: | Mirela Barros Serafim |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |