Passion fruit seed oil (Passiflora edulis) in feed for broiler

Author(s)

Leonardo Henrique Zanetti

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Botucatu. 2018-11-19.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia. Botucatu
• Defense date: 2018-10-22
• Advisor: José Roberto Sartori

Abstract

The use of phytogenic products has increased in the poultry industry, searching for alternatives to the use of antibiotics and, among the products used, is the passion fruit seed oil (OSM). Thus, three studies were carried out to evaluate behavior, performance, health and meat quality of broiler chickens fed with OSM. Study I - 70 Cobb male broilers, 21-d old, distributed in metabolism cages were used in a completely randomized design with two treatments, seven replicates and five birds per experimental unit. To determine the metabolizable energy of the OSM, the total excreta collection method was used. The treatments were: reference diet and diet with 10% replacement of OSM. The crude energy of the OSM was 9,837 kcal and 9,378 kcal / kg of AME. Study II - 1,680 Cobb male broilers, created from 1 to 42-d old with negative ventilation, were distributed in a completely randomized design with seven treatments: positive and negative controls (with and without antibiotics, respectively) and 5 inclusion levels of OSM (0.10; 0.20; 0.30; 0.40 and 0.50%) with eight replicates. No difference was observed in the performance of the birds in the period from 1 to 21 days. for the period from 1 to 42 days, a linear improvement in feed conversion was observed as the inclusion of OSM was increased. No difference in carcass yield and cuts was observed, an improvement in the skin quality of the birds was observed, presenting better resistance. As for the relative weight of organs, no difference was found. As for the blood parameters, a decrease in cholesterol and lipid oxidation was observed. The effect on the activities of the antioxidant system and on the behavior of the birds was not observed. The inclusion of passion fruit seed oil has a beneficial effect on bird health, with levels of inclusion in the diet above 0.3% being efficient. Study III - 480 Cobb male broilers with 1-d old housed in galvanized wire cages, in two climatic chambers: thermoneutral and cyclic heat stress, with 48 cages each, with 5 birds/cage. The design was completely randomized, in a 2 x 6 factorial arrangement (two temperatures: thermoneutral and cyclic heat stress, and six diets: control + five levels of OSM: 0.10; 0.20; 0.30; 0.40 and 0.50%) with eight replicates with five birds each. The experimental diet was devoid of antibiotics as performance improver, and anticoccidial was used in all treatments, based on corn and soybean meal. It was observed a temperature effect at 21 days for feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion. At 35 days for weight gain and feed conversion only. As for the relative weight of organs, there was interaction for bursa weight at 21 days and temperature effect at 35 days for spleen and liver weight. It was observed temperature effect for the variables cholesterol and triglycerides serum and effect of inclusion levels of the OSM for blood oxidation. There was interaction for analysis of SOD, the higher levels of OSM inclusion had higher antioxidant activity. The inclusion of passion fruit seed oil presents a beneficial antioxidant action for bird health, with levels of inclusion in the diet above 0.3% being efficient. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/01280-5 - Effects of passion fruit seed oil addition in nutrition and health in broiler
• Grantee: Leonardo Henrique Zanetti
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate