Physical limitation in rural degraded area: methodological search to define the appropriate land use

Author(s)

Felipe Augusto Scudeller Zanatta

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Rio Claro. 2018-12-03.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas. Rio Claro
• Defense date: 2018-11-05
• Advisor: Cenira Maria Lupinacci; Marcos Norberto Boin

Abstract

The objective of this research was the elaboration of a methodological proposal to define the appropriate use of land in rural environments degraded by erosive processes. When considering the problem, an area representative of rural and degraded scenarios were searched for, in order to define as object of study the sub-basins of the Areia Dourada stream, located in Marabá Paulista (SP), where hundreds of erosive forms in furrow, ravines and gullies. To reach the goal outlined, three different methodologies were applied to the selected area: retrospective geomorphological cartography; geoecology of the landscape and the system of use capacity. It is understood that these methodologies presented complementary aspects that help in the evaluation of rural and degraded scenarios, in the understanding of the erosive dynamics under anthropic interference, as well as in the possibilities of using these environments. From the application and analysis of the three mentioned methodologies, two methodological proposals were structured: ideal and simplified. In the first, laborious and specialized, the most representative elements were grouped: relief forms; the relief energy; the texture, permeability and depth of soils; the rocky substrate; the Permanent Preservation Areas; the terrace and fluvial plain areas; erosive forms; and the catchment basin directed to the gully. In order to elaborate a proposal of easier application in other areas, the simplified methodology was structured, based on the survey carried out in the ideal proposal, however reducing the universe of variables to declivity, texture and depth of soils, Permanent Preservation Areas, erosive forms and catchment basin directed to the gully. The lower number of variables in the simplified proposal provided a spatial distribution of the classes of land use with greater spatial continuity in the suggested uses, which was shown to be more significant for practical use, considering the studied universe and established agricultural practices, unlike an ideal proposal, in which the studied area between the classes of adequate use. It should be noted that the present study fills a gap in the studies that aim to survey the proper use of land, starting from the erosive problem, and identifies several aspects that should be considered for this, such as the edge effect in areas of gullies, the variables of the physical environment with greater predisposition to the formation and development of linear erosive processes and the possibilities of using rural and degraded scenarios. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/00875-2 - Physical limitations on degraded rural area: metodological search to define the proper use of land
• Grantee: Felipe Augusto Scudeller Zanatta
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate