Extreme precipitation events in Metropolitan Region of Campinas (SP): impacts, socio-economic analysis and public policies

Author(s)

Marina Sória Castellano

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Geociências
• Defense date: 2016-08-26

Examining board members

Lucí Hidalgo Nunes; Edelci Nunes da Silva; Maria Elisa Zanella; Jansle Vieira Rocha; Jose Marcos Pinto da Cunha

• Advisor: Lucí Hidalgo Nunes

Abstract

The study analyzed the impacts of extreme precipitation events for the Metropolitan Region of Campinas, identifying where they occur more frequently, the most affected social groupings, possible connection between urban planning and the occurrence of these impacts, in view of verifying if major disorders are associated with the most extreme events. Extreme events were identified by means of quantile technique, considering data of eleven rain gauges from 1970 to 2009. The impacts associated with the rains were collected in newspapers and some of these impacts were mapped, based on the Atlas of Social Vulnerability (IPEA). Mapped occurrences were: total events, displaced and injured people, fatalities and buildings and roads invaded by water. The official planning documents consulted were Master Plans and Laws of Land Use and Occupancy of Artur Nogueira, Campinas and Sumaré, selected by the impact analysis and connections between the amounts and the occurrences were evaluated by simple linear correlation. It was noted a remarkable increase in the number of impacts recorded from 1970 to 2009. The latest periods (1990s and 2000s) most of the events was in areas of low or very low vulnerability. However, despite this improvement, some neighborhoods identified by the large number of events did not follow this trend. The city of Campinas has stood out because it presented the largest number of occurrences in absolute terms throughout the period, but quantitative and qualitative improvements from the 1990s to 2000s were noticed, which might be associated with the measures taken by the Civil Defense in the period. Concerning urban planning, it is clear that there is a great discrepancy between theory and practice, and that the events have occurred independently of the existence of Master Plans. Regarding the relationship between extreme rainfall and impacts, it was observed that larger totals not necessarily caused more impacts. Thus, the Metropolitan Region of Campinas showed improvements and deteriorations in impacts triggered by rains, but because its growing importance, these issues should be improved at both municipal and regional levels, so that in the future there would be consistent and comprehensive advances only (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/00883-7 - Extreme rainfall in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas: impacts, spatial and socioeconomic analyses and public policy
• Grantee: Marina Sória Castellano
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate