3D prototyped composite in the reconstruction of critical defects in radius of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Author(s)

Arícia Gomes Sprada

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Jaboticabal. 2019-03-21.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias. Jaboticabal
• Defense date: 2019-01-14
• Advisor: Bruno Watanabe Minto

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to use the 3D printing technology to obtain a bone substitute for reconstruction of critical segmental bone failures of 1.5cm in rabbits’ radio. The animals were divided into 3 groups: Group I (n=20) or control group, Group II (n=20) or graft group and Group III (n=20) or implant group. On group I, the rabbits were submitted to ostectomy receiving no treatment. On group II, the bone defect was treated with autologous graft from the ilium crest. On group III, reconstruction occurred using a three-dimensional printed hydroxyapatite and Poly-Llactic acid (PLLA) implant. The implants were prepared using 3D imaging based on the computed tomography obtained from each animal. Clinical evaluation were conducted postoperatively on day 7, 15, 30, 60 e 90. Radiographs in two projections were taken on days 15, 30, 60 and 90 postoperative, according to the subgroups T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. After radiographic evaluation, the animals were submitted to euthanasia and the bone segment was referred for histopathological analysis. Clinically, group II presented less lameness, edema, pain and complications on the surgical wound when compared to the control and implant groups. On radiographic evaluation, periosteal reaction, bone callus formation and bone bridge were also superior in group II when compared to the others groups. Histopathological study showed that fibrosis, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis were similar in all groups. However, the presence of congestion, hemorrhage and inflammation were higher in the implant group. These results indicate that biomechanical capacity of the implant and biological properties of the graft bone should be associated by creating a new implant that presents osteoconductive and osteogenic characteristics, such as a bone substitute printed using PLLA and hydroxyapatite enriched with living cells. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/10139-1 - Tridimensional printing for bone reconstruction in the radio of rabbits
• Grantee: Arícia Gomes Sprada
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate