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| Author(s): |
Danielle Cardozo Frasca Teixeira
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Presidente Prudente. 2019-11-04. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia. Presidente Prudente |
| Defense date: | 2019-10-03 |
| Advisor: | Margarete Cristiane de Costa Trindade Amorim |
| Abstract | |
The investigation of cities’ interference in the composition of the near-surface atmosphere dates back to the nineteenth century. Pioneering studies on the urban climate presented considerations regarding changes in cities and agriculture in the climates of the places. This situation of interference compromised to a large degree the quality of the environment, reflecting on the living conditions of the populations, as climate change has an impact on human thermal comfort, health, and performance. Particularly in the tropical environment, thermal discomfort demands adaptation via climate control of indoor environments, influencing the greater energy supply, besides not being accessible by the population. In contrast, outdoor spaces are subject to the effects of heat islands, derived from weather conditions and urban characteristics (OKE, 1987). The urban climate is understood as the climate of a given space and its urbanization (MONTEIRO, 1976), and there is no rigid scale for the diagnosis of this phenomenon. In this sense, small and medium-sized cities also show important changes in their conditions prior to urbanization and present relative ease for a qualitative climate investigation, as their small spaces allow a better differentiation of their intraurban environments, and there are possibilities of intervention and urban planning in the new expanding spaces. This research aimed to investigate the urban climate of cities in the tropical environment located in the western region of the state of São Paulo (Presidente Venceslau, Santo Anastácio, and Álvares Machado), with an emphasis on the thermal field. It is hypothesized that despite the proximity between the cities and, considering the regional circulation of the atmosphere, they respond to the action of the atmospheric systems in a different way, due to the climatic peculiarities that depend on their geoenvironmental (relief, relief orientation, vegetation cover) and urban attributes (land use and occupation, structure, urban forms and dynamics). The theoretical-methodological basis of this research is the proposed Urban Climate System (MONTEIRO, 1976), in particular the thermodynamic subsystem, which is perceived by humans through thermal comfort. The geoenvironmental and urban characterization of the cities made it possible to differentiate intraurban environments prior to the acquisition of primary data by fixed stations and by the mobile transect, which were represented through pivot tables, isotherms, and spatial modeling. Secondary data, in the form of surface thermographies and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), were related to water availability. The results allowed the diagnosis of thermal anomalies in the intraurban areas, employing the rural environments near the urban areas as a reference. The research diagnosed the specific urban climate of cities, expressed by the heat islands of strong and very strong magnitude, confirming the conception hypothesis of the thesis. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 15/26224-8 - THE URBAN CLIMATE OF SMALL CITIES LOCATED AT WESTERN SÃO PAULO STATE: analysis the thermal profile of Álvares Machado, Santo Anastácio and Presidente Venceslau. |
| Grantee: | Danielle Cardozo Frasca Teixeira |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |