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| Author(s): |
Alessandra Vincenzi Jager
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ) |
| Defense date: | 2000-10-03 |
| Examining board members: |
Marina Franco Maggi Tavares;
Dulcineia Saes Parra Abdalla;
Claudimir Lucio do Lago
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| Advisor: | Marina Franco Maggi Tavares |
| Abstract | |
Diabetes Mellitus is considered a class of diseases that exhibits a sole characteristic: intolerance to glucose. This condition results from a deficiency in the secretion or action of a pancreatic hormone, the insulin, causing severe metabolic disorders. Typically, high levels of glucose are found in blood, in addition to excessive production of the so called ketonic bodies (pyruvic, acetoacetic acids, acetone and the reduced forms: lactic and β-hidroxybutyric acids). The increase in production of ketonic bodies causes an imbalance in the anion gap, given by the expression: [Na+] + [K+] [Cl-] [HCO3-]. In addition to these metabolites, an amount of glicosilated hemoglobin (HbA1C) is formed. HbA1C can be used as indicative of the glucose concentration in the blood during the period of time red cells have been exposed to. For clinical diagnostics, each of the ions of the anion gap, the ketonic bodies and HbA1c are determined by isolated methodologies. In this work, capillary electrophoresis was explored as a single analytical technique for the evaluation of sodium, potassium chloride, bicarbonate, acetoacetate, lactate, β-hidroxybutyrate and HbA1C. The ionic species were determined by free solution capillary electrophoresis with indirect detection while HbA1C was evaluated by capillary isoeletric focusing. The proposed methodologies were validated for sodium, potassium, chloride and lactate, with respect to the following parameters: selectivity, sensitivity, linearity, precision and accuracy showing equivalent results when compared to standard methods applied to control samples. All proposed methodologies were applied to the quantitative analysis of real samples (serum and hemolisate of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals). In addition, HbA1C determinations were contrasted to a chromatographic procedure adopted in a clinical laboratory, showing good correlation (31 samples). Baseline resolution of hemoglobins with pl differing by 0.03 units was achieved, and the possibility of simultaneous analysis of variant hemoglobins, such as S and C was also demonstrated. (AU) | |