Aditivos, aminas aromáticas, metais e nitrosaminas em mamadeiras: metodologias analíticas e estudos de migração

Author(s)

Wellington da Silva Oliveira

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
• Defense date: 2018-05-21

Examining board members

Helena Teixeira Godoy; Adriana Pavesi Arisseto Bragotto; Carlos Alberto Rodrigues Anjos; Leda Coltro; Roger Wagner

• Advisor: Helena Teixeira Godoy; Marisa Padula

Abstract

This study evaluated the migration of compounds from the baby bottles, through liquid and gas chromatography, as well spectroscopy, both coupled with high and low-resolution mass spectrometry. It were evaluated 196 baby bottles samples made with polypropylene (n = 127), Trian® (n = 49) and silicone (n = 20). The work is divided into four chapters. The first one deals with the characterization of the baby bottles, evaluation of the specific migration of phthalates by GC-MS using infant formula and milk simulant (ethanol 50%), as well as the evaluation of metal migration by ICP-OES in acid simulant (acetic acid 3%). It was not detected the metal migration. On the other hand, dibutyl phthalate(DBP) migration was detected in all samples. In the silicone sample the DBP migration was higher than the values recommended by ANVISA. Di-isobutyl phthalate, a non-regulated plasticizer for use in baby bottles, was also detected at high concentrations in the silicone samples. The risk assessment for phthalates has shown that there is a potential adverse effect associated with the use of silicone baby bottles. The second chapter deals with the migration of aromatic amines by LC-MS / MS, as well as the metals migration from teats evaluated by ICP-MS and N-nitrosamines, determined by GC-MS. It was not detected the migration of aromatic amines and N-nitrosamines. Nonetheless, zinc and barium were quantified in 91% of the samples. Lead was detected in 16% of the teats evaluated. The metals migrated below the specific migration limits recommended by ANVISA. In the third chapter, the evaluation of non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) was carried out by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Only intentionally added substances (additives and processing aids) were identified in polypropylene and Tritan® samples. Migration of N, N'-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) (C8-C18) alkyl amine was detected in all polypropylene baby bottles. Moreover, glycerol derivatives, erucamide and NX 8000, a clarifier based on nonitol, have been identified. All compounds migrated below the specific migration limits recommended by ANVISA. On the other hand, 17 NIAS were identified in silicone baby bottles. Most of them were derived from acrylates and propylene glycol. N-acetyl valine was also identified in these samples. Quantification was perfomed. Since these compounds are not included in the ANVISA positive lists, the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) approach was used to evaluate the risk of exposure associated with the migration from silicone bottles. The risks associate to use of silicon baby bottle was again confirmed. In the last chapter of this work volatile substances were evaluated using solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) coupled to mass spectrometry and olfactometry (SPME-GC-O-MS). Forty-five compounds were identified, of which 84% came from silicon baby bottles. Aldehydes were the main compounds responsible for the unpleasant odor in silicone baby bottles. Odors of ketones, benzophenone derivatives and alcohols were also identified by GC-O-MS, however, they were below the limit of detection established in the method developed in the GC-MS (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/14248-7 - Additives, aromatic amines, nitrosamines and metals in baby bottles: analytical methodologies and study of migration
• Grantee: Wellington da Silva Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate