Regulação da ação e sinalização de insulina em amígdala de animais controles e obesos: efeitos na ingestão alimentar, via inflamatória e stress de retículo endoplasmático

Author(s)

Maria Fernanda Condes Areias

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
• Defense date: 2012-12-14

Examining board members

Patrícia de Oliveira Prada; Rosangela Maria Neves Bezerra; Maria Helena de Melo Lima; Paty Karoll Picardi; Michella Soares Coelho

• Advisor: Patrícia de Oliveira Prada

Abstract

Insulin has anorexigenic effects, reducing body weight. However most part of the studies has focused on hypothalamic insulin signaling. Thus the aim of the study was too investigated if insulin activates IR/Akt pathway in the amygdale and if this activation controls feeding. Besides this, it was investigated if the inhibition of PI3K by LY294002 alters food intake. In obese animals models insulin induces IR/PI3K/Akt pathway is impaired in the hypothalamus. Low grade inflammation characterized at cellular level by an activation of IKK/IKB/NF-KB pathway and JNK activation, and also induce of endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) stress are molecular mechanisms involved in insulin resistance in the hypothalamus of obese roedents. So, it was investigated if high fat diet impairs insulin signaling and action in the amygdale and if low grade inflammation and ER stress were present in this brain region. Food intake is decreased and IR and Akt phosphorylation were increased in response to insulin in the amygdale of control rats. In order to confirm whether the dissections of amygdale were corrected, the membranes with anti-co-chaperone FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP5) antibody were re-blotted. FKBP51 is expressed in the amygdale region but not in striatum. It was observed the presence of FKBP5 in their membranes, indicating that the dissections of amygdale were appropriated. The administration of LY prior to insulin in the amygdale abolished this effect and also impaired Akt not IR phosphorylation in response to insulin. Body weight was increased in rats fed with HFD compared to control rats. Insulin tolerance test showed that obese rats were insulin resistant in comparison to control rats. Insulin injected in the amygdale did not decrease food intake after 4, 8, 12, 24 h. The IR and Akt phosphorylation were blunted in rats on HFD. The IKK and JNK phosphorylation were also increased in the amygdale of obese rats. In order to evaluate ER stress, it was investigated whether high fat feeding alters the protein expression of RNA-activated protein kinase-like ER resident kinase (PERK) and inositol-requiring kinase (IRE1). PERK and IRE1 protein expression were increased in the amygdale of rats fed a HFD compared to control rats, suggesting increased ER stress in the amygdale of obese rats Summing up, it was suggested that amygdale is an important region for food intake regulation in response to insulin and this regulation is disrupted in obese rats. It was also shown that food intake is regulated in a PI3K/Akt manner in the amygdale similarly to what occurs in the hypothalamus. Besides, data were provided suggesting that obese rats may have low grade inflammation and ER stress in parallel to insulin resistance in the amygdale (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/17673-2 - Regulation and insulin signaling in amygdala of control and obese animals: effects in food intake, anxiety, metabolic inflammation and reticulum stress
• Grantee: Maria Fernanda Condes Areias
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate