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Impact of bariatric surgery on periodontal status and quantification of periodontopathogenic bacteria using q-PCR: longitudinal survey

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Author(s):
Patrícia Garcia de Moura Grec
Total Authors: 1
Document type: Doctoral Thesis
Press: Bauru.
Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru (FOB/SDB)
Defense date:
Examining board members:
Sílvia Helena de Carvalho Sales Peres; Reginaldo Ceneviva; Antonio Carlos Pereira; Maria Lucia Rubo de Rezende; Elza Araujo Torres
Advisor: Sílvia Helena de Carvalho Sales Peres
Abstract

The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery on periodontal condition and quantify periodontopathogenic bacteria in patients undergoing this surgery. This was a prospective study composed of 50 patients who underwent bariatric surgery for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in three hospitals in the state of São Paulo. Data collection was performed in three periods: preoperative, postoperative of 6 and 12 months and consisted of: salivary flow evaluation; oral clinical examination to assess tooth wear and periodontal disease; gingival fluid sample collection for quantification of periodontopathogenic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola and Prevotella intermedia using Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (q-PCR); questionnaire applied as regards factors related to occurrence of tooth wear and self-perceived oral health; weight and height evaluation to determine the body mass index (BMI), in addition to collection of individual\'s health-related data from medical files. At baseline, 51 patients with normal BMI were analyzed and compared with obese subjects. ANOVA, Tukey test, Pearson correlation and Students t-test were used for statistical analysis (p<0.050). At baseline, greater gingival bleeding index (GBI), presence of calculus and sites with 4-5 mm pocket depth were observed in obese compared with the control group (p<0.050), which showed better self-perceived oral health than the obese (p=0.008). Mean BMI decreased from 49.69±8.76 kg/m2 to 36.16±8.12 kg/m2 and to 32.26 kg/m2 after 6 and 12 months postoperatively (p <0.000), respectively. Before surgery 67% of patients had high C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels and 38% high glucose level. There was significant reduction in serum CRP and glucose after surgery. Salivary flow was similar in all three periods, ranging from 0.86 to 0.96 mL / min. After bariatric surgery, the percentage of tooth surfaces with dentin wear increased significantly (p=0.002), while enamel wear decreased (p=0.019), indicating increase in the severity of tooth wear in these patients. The mean probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) increased significantly in the postoperative period of 6 months (p<0.000). In the same period the amount of P. gingivalis increased (p = 0.028) and of other bacteria decreased slightly (p> 0.050). In the presence of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, T.denticola and P. intermedia, a worse periodontal condition was observed. It was concluded that bariatric surgery promoted negative impact on oral health conditions, especially periodontal disease and tooth wear. Changes were observed in the amount of periodontopathogenic bacteria in the patients evaluated during the three periods, and P. gingivalis accompanied the increased periodontal disease severity. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 08/05798-2 - Bariatric patients and analysis of periodontopathogenic bacteria DNA: a longitudinal study
Grantee:Patrícia Garcia de Moura Grec
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate