Translational approaches to understanding metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular consequences of obstructive sleep apnea

Author(s)

Drager, Luciano F. ^{[1, 2]} ; Polotsky, Vsevolod Y. ^[3] ; O'Donnell, Christopher P. ^[4] ; Cravo, Sergio L. ^[5] ; Lorenzi-Filho, Geraldo ^[6] ; Machado, Benedito H. ^[7]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Heart Inst InCor, Hypertens Unit, BR-05403900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Div Renal, Hypertens Unit, BR-05403900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD - USA

^[4] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA - USA

^[5] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[6] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Heart Inst InCor, Div Pulm, Sleep Lab, BR-05403900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Physiol, BR-05403900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY; v. 309, n. 7, p. H1101-H1111, OCT 1 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 37

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be independently associated with several cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, myocardial infarction, and stroke. To determine how OSA can increase cardiovascular risk, animal models have been developed to explore the underlying mechanisms and the cellular and end-organ targets of the predominant pathophysiological disturbance in OSA-intermittent hypoxia. Despite several limitations in translating data from animal models to the clinical arena, significant progress has been made in our understanding of how OSA confers increased cardiovascular risk. It is clear now that the hypoxic stress associated with OSA can elicit a broad spectrum of pathological systemic events including sympathetic activation, systemic inflammation, impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, and endothelial dysfunction, among others. This review provides an update of the basic, clinical, and translational advances in our understanding of the metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular consequences of OSA and highlights the most recent findings and perspectives in the field. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/02953-2 - Impact of obstructive sleep apnea and sleep duration on the progression of cardiovascular diseases
• Grantee: Luciano Ferreira Drager
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/06077-5 - Changes in the neural networks involved with the generation and control of sympathetic and respiratory activities in different experimental models of hypoxia
• Grantee: Benedito Honorio Machado
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants