Downhill Running-Based Overtraining Protocol Improves Hepatic Insulin Signaling Pathway without Concomitant Decrease of Inflammatory Proteins

Author(s)

da Rocha, Alisson L. ^[1] ; Pereira, Bruno C. ^[1] ; Pauli, Jose R. ^[2] ; Cintra, Dennys E. ^[2] ; de Souza, Claudio T. ^[3] ; Ropelle, Eduardo R. ^[2] ; da Silva, Adelino S. R. ^{[1, 4]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, RibeiraoPreto Med Sch, Postgrad Program Rehabil & Funct Performance, BR-09500900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Campinas, Fac Sci Appl, Sport Sci Course, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Far Southern Santa Catarina, Hlth Sci Unit, Postgrad Program Hlth Sci, Exercise Biochem & Physiol Lab, Criciuma, SC - Brazil

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Phys Educ & Sport RibeiraoPreto, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PLoS One; v. 10, n. 10 OCT 7 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 9

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of overtraining (OT) on insulin, inflammatory and gluconeogenesis signaling pathways in the livers of mice. Rodents were divided into control (CT), overtrained by downhill running (OTR/down), overtrained by uphill running (OTR/up) and overtrained by running without inclination (OTR). Rotarod, incremental load, exhaustive and grip force tests were used to evaluate performance. Thirty-six hours after a grip force test, the livers were extracted for subsequent protein analyses. The phosphorylation of insulin receptor beta (pIRbeta), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (pGSK3beta) and forkhead box O1 (pFoxo1) increased in OTR/down versus CT. pGSK3beta was higher in OTR/up versus CT, and pFoxo1 was higher in OTR/up and OTR versus CT. Phosphorylation of protein kinase B (pAkt) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (pIRS-1) were higher in OTR/up versus CT and OTR/down. The phosphorylation of I kappa B kinase alpha and beta (pIK-Kalpha/beta) was higher in all OT protocols versus CT, and the phosphorylation of stress-activated protein kinases/Jun amino-terminal kinases (pSAPK-JNK) was higher in OTR/ down versus CT. Protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF-4alpha) were higher in OTR versus CT. In summary, OTR/down improved the major proteins of insulin signaling pathway but up-regulated TRB3, an Akt inhibitor, and its association with Akt. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/20591-3 - Responses of proteins from the inflammatory, insulinic and hypertrophic molecular pathways to nonfunctional overreaching induced by treadmill running performed in downhill, without inclination and uphill in skeletal muscle of mice
• Grantee: Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/19985-7 - Effects of overtraining induced by exercise in treadmill without inclination, uphill and downhill on the content and activation of proteins of insulin signaling pathway and inflamation in mice
• Grantee: Bruno Cesar Pereira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 14/25459-9 - Nonfunctional overreaching in animal model: inflammatory and hypertrophic adaptions of the cardiac muscle
• Grantee: Alisson Luiz da Rocha
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 13/22737-5 - Effects of nonfunctional overreaching induced by treadmill running performed in downhill, without inclination and uphill in content and activation of the mTOR pathway proteins in skeletal muscle of mice
• Grantee: Alisson Luiz da Rocha
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation