Resistance or aerobic training decreases blood pressure and improves cardiovascular autonomic control and oxidative stress in hypertensive menopausal rats

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da Palma, Renata K. ; Moraes-Silva, Ivana C. ; Dias, Danielle da Silva ; Shimojo, Guilherme L. ; Conti, Filipe F. ; Bernardes, Nathalia ; Barboza, Catarina A. ; Sanches, Iris C. ; da Rosa Araujo, Alex Sander ; Irigoyen, Maria-Claudia ; De Angelis, Katia

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of Applied Physiology; v. 121, n. 4, p. 1032-1038, OCT 1 2016.
• Web of Science Citations: 10

Abstract

We investigated whether resistance training (RT) vs. aerobic training (AT) differentially impacts on arterial pressure and related mechanisms in ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Female SHRs were ovariectomized and assigned to one of the following groups: sedentary, AT, or RT; sham sedentary SHR were used as control group. AT was performed on a treadmill, whereas RT was performed on a vertical ladder. Both exercise protocols were performed for 8 wk, 5 days/wk. Arterial pressure, baroreflex sensitivity, autonomic modulation, and cardiac oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, redox balance, NADPH oxidase, and antioxidant enzymes activities) were analyzed. Ovariectomy increased mean arterial pressure (similar to 9 mmHg), sympathetic modulation (similar to 40%), and oxidative stress in sedentary rats. Both RT and AT reduced mean arterial pressure (similar to 20 and similar to 8 mmHg, respectively) and improved baroreflex sensitivity compared with sedentary ovariectomized rats. However, RT-induced arterial pressure decrease was significantly less pronounced than AT. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were decreased while antioxidant enzymes were increased in both trained groups vs. sedentaries. The reduced gluthatione was higher after AT vs. other groups, whereas oxidized gluthatione was lower after RT vs. AT. Moreover, sympathetic and parasympathetic modulations were highly correlated with cardiac oxidative stress parameters. In conclusion, both RT and AT can decrease arterial pressure in a model of hypertension and menopause; although, at different magnitudes this decrease was related to attenuated autonomic dysfunction in association with cardiac oxidative stress improvement in both exercise protocols. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/20141-5 - Effects of aerobic,resistance or combined exercise training in experimental models of cardiometabolic disorders associated with ovarian hormone deprivation
• Grantee: Kátia de Angelis Lobo D Avila
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 11/16441-0 - Effects of aerobic or resistance exercise training on autonomic parameters and oxidative stress in ovariectomized hypertensive rats
• Grantee: Renata Kelly da Palma
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master