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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Fungal spores as a source of sodium salt particles in the Amazon basin

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Author(s):
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China, Swarup [1] ; Burrows, Susannah M. [2] ; Wang, Bingbing [3] ; Harder, Tristan H. [4, 5, 6] ; Weis, Johannes [4, 5, 6] ; Tanarhte, Meryem [7] ; Rizzo, V, Luciana ; Brito, Joel [8, 9] ; Cirino, Glauber G. [10] ; Ma, Po-Lun [2] ; Cliff, John [1] ; Artaxo, Paulo [8] ; Gilles, Mary K. [5] ; Laskin, Alexander [11]
Total Authors: 14
Affiliation:
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[1] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 - USA
[2] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99354 - USA
[3] Xiamen Univ, Coll Ocean & Earth Sci, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen 361102 - Peoples R China
[4] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 - USA
[5] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Chem Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 - USA
[6] Univ Wurzburg, Phys Inst, D-97074 Wurzburg - Germany
[7] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz - Germany
[8] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, Rua Matao 1371, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil
[9] Univ Lille, SAGE, IMT Lille Douai, F-59000 Lille - France
[10] Fed Univ Para, Geosci Inst, BR-66075110 Belem, Para - Brazil
[11] Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 - USA
Total Affiliations: 11
Document type: Journal article
Source: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS; v. 9, NOV 19 2018.
Web of Science Citations: 4
Abstract

In the Amazon basin, particles containing mixed sodium salts are routinely observed and are attributed to marine aerosols transported from the Atlantic Ocean. Using chemical imaging analysis, we show that, during the wet season, fungal spores emitted by the forest biosphere contribute at least 30% (by number) to sodium salt particles in the central Amazon basin. Hydration experiments indicate that sodium content in fungal spores governs their growth factors. Modeling results suggest that fungal spores account for -69% (31-95%) of the total sodium mass during the wet season and that their fractional contribution increases during nighttime. Contrary to common assumptions that sodium-containing aerosols originate primarily from marine sources, our results suggest that locally-emitted fungal spores contribute substantially to the number and mass of coarse particles containing sodium. Hence, their role in cloud formation and contribution to salt cycles and the terrestrial ecosystem in the Amazon basin warrant further consideration. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 13/25058-1 - Impact of Manaus urban pollution on gases and particulate matter composition in the Amazon forest
Grantee:Joel Ferreira de Brito
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
FAPESP's process: 13/05014-0 - GoAmazon: interactions of the urban plume of Manaus with biogenic forest emissions in Amazonia
Grantee:Paulo Eduardo Artaxo Netto
Support Opportunities: Research Program on Global Climate Change - Thematic Grants
FAPESP's process: 08/58100-2 - Aeroclima: direct and indirect effects of aerosols on climate in Amazonia and Pantanal
Grantee:Paulo Eduardo Artaxo Netto
Support Opportunities: Research Program on Global Climate Change - Thematic Grants