Assessing Genetic Diversity for a Pre-Breeding Program in Piaractus mesopotamicus by SNPs and SSRs

Author(s)

Antonio Mastrochirico-Filho, Vito ^[1] ; del Pazo, Felipe ^{[2, 3]} ; Elissa Hata, Milene ^[1] ; Vanina Villanova, Gabriela ^{[2, 3]} ; Foresti, Fausto ^[4] ; Vera, Manuel ^{[5, 6]} ; Martinez, Paulino ^{[5, 6]} ; Porto-Foresti, Fabio ^[7] ; Teruo Hashimoto, Diogo ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ, Aquaculture Ctr, UNESP, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Nacl Rosario, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, Lab Mixto Biotecnol Acuat, Minist Ciencia Tecnol & Innovac Prod Santa Fe, Ctr, RA-2000 Rosario, Santa Fe - Argentina

^[3] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-2000 Rosario, Santa Fe - Argentina

^[4] Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Inst Biosci, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[5] USC, Fac Vet, ES-27002 Lugo - Spain

^[6] USC, Inst Acuicultura, Santiago De Compostela 15705 - Spain

^[7] Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Sci, UNESP, BR-17033360 Bauru, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: GENES; v. 10, n. 9 SEP 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

The pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is a Neotropical fish with remarkable productive performance for aquaculture. Knowledge of genetic resources in Neotropical fish is essential for their applications in breeding programs. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic diversity of seven farmed populations of pacu which will constitute the basis for a broodstock foundation for coming breeding programs in Brazil. Analysis of one wild population (Parana River) was used as a reference to compare genetic parameters in the farmed populations. The analyses were performed using 32 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and 8 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. No significant differences in genetic diversity between populations estimated through the number of alleles and allelic richness, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and minimum allele frequency were detected (p > 0.05). Low genetic diversity was observed in all farmed stocks and the wild population. Moreover, we detected low genetic structure when comparing farmed and wild populations for SNPs (F-ST = 0.07; K = 3) and SSRs (F-ST = 0.08; K = 2). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) demonstrated that genetic variation was mostly within populations. Kinship analysis showed that most fish farms included related individuals at a proportion of at least 25%. Our results suggest that the basal broodstock for pacu breeding programs should be founded with individuals from different fish farms for higher genetic diversity and to avoid inbreeding risks. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/03772-7 - Transcriptome characterization and SNPs discovery in species of Serrasalmidae: genetic subsidies for aquaculture
• Grantee: Diogo Teruo Hashimoto
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/12412-4 - Analysis of kinship degree and genetic variability of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) through SNPs markers: tools for genetic improvement
• Grantee: Vito Antonio Mastrochirico Filho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master