Outdoor Endurance Training with Air Pollutant Exposure Versus Sedentary Lifestyle: A Comparison of Airway Immune Responses

Author(s):Show less -

Batista dos Santos, Juliana de Melo ^[1] ; Foster, Roberta ^{[1, 2]} ; Jonckheere, Anne-Charlotte ^[3] ; Rossi, Marcelo ^[1] ; Luna Junior, Luiz Antonio ^[1] ; Katekaru, Catherine Machado ^[1] ; de Sa, Matheus Cavalcante ^[1] ; Pagani, Lucas Guimaraes ^[1] ; de Almeida, Francine Maria ^[4] ; Amaral, Jonatas do Bussador ^[1] ; Vieira, Rodolfo de Paula ^{[5, 6, 7, 8]} ; Lacerda Bachi, Andre Luis ^{[5, 1, 2, 6]} ; Bullens, Dominique Magdalena A. ^{[3, 9]} ; Vaisberg, Mauro ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, ENT Lab, Rua Otonis 700, Piso Super Second Floor, BR-04025002 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Method Fac Sao Paulo FAMESP, Av Jabaquara 1314, BR-04046200 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Transplantat, Allergy & Clin Immunol Res Grp, UZ Herestr 49, Box 811, B-3000 Leuven - Belgium

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Med Sch, Av Dr Arnaldo 455 Cerqueira Cesar, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[5] Brazilian Inst Teaching & Res Pulm & Exercise Imm, Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, BR-12245520 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

^[6] Univ Brasil, Postgrad Program Bioengn & Biomed Engn, Rua Carolina Fonseca 584 Itaquera, BR-08230030 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[7] Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Postgrad Program Sci Human & Rehabil, Av Ana Costa 95 Vila Mathias, BR-11060001 Santos, SP - Brazil

^[8] Anhembi Morumbi Univ, Sch Med, R Jaceru 247, BR-04705000 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

^[9] UZ Leuven, Clin Div Pediat, Herestr 49, B-3000 Leuven - Belgium

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH; v. 16, n. 22 NOV 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Although regular exercise-training improves immune/inflammatory status, the influence of air pollutants exposure during outdoor endurance training compared to a sedentary lifestyle has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to compare the immune/inflammatory responses in the airways of street runners and sedentary people after acute and chronic particulate matter (PM) exposure. Forty volunteers (street runners (RUN, n = 20); sedentary people (SED, n = 20)) were evaluated 1 (acute) and 10 (chronic) weeks after PM exposure. Cytokines {[}interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-17A] in nasal lavage fluid, salivary antibacterial peptides (lactoferrin (LTF), cathelicidin (LL-37), defensin-alpha 1-3), and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), plasma club cell protein (CC16), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were analyzed. After acute exposure, the RUN group showed lower levels of IL-13, IL-10, and FeNO, but higher defensin-alpha than the SED group. After chronic exposure, the RUN group showed elevation of IFN-gamma, IL-10, IL-17A, and a decrease of FeNO levels, whereas the SED group showed elevation of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10, and a decrease of IL-13 levels. Comparing these groups, the RUN group showed higher levels of SIgA and LTF, and lower FeNO levels than the SED group. In relation to the Th immune response analysis after acute and chronic PM exposure, the RUN group showed a pattern associated with Th1, while in the SED group, a Th2 pattern was found. Both groups showed also a Th17 immune response pattern. Our results allow us to suggest that the immune/inflammatory status of the respiratory tract after acute and chronic PM exposure was improved by the long-standing regular practice of outdoor endurance exercise compared to a sedentary lifestyle. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/15165-2 - Role of purinergic signaling and of SOCS-JAK-STAT signaling in the antiinflammatory effects of aerobic training in experimental models of asma and in asthmatic individuals
• Grantee: Rodolfo de Paula Vieira
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/00307-0 - ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON STREET RUNNERS AND SEDENTARY IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
• Grantee: Mauro Walter Vaisberg
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 16/04845-3 - EFFECT OF DAILY INTAKE OF Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) IN THE SYSTEMIC AND UPPER AIRWAYS IMMUNE RESPONSIVENESS OF AMATEUR MARATHON RUNNERS WHO PRESENT UPPER RESEPIRATORY SYMPTOMS
• Grantee: André Luis Lacerda Bachi
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants