UV-photofunctionalization of a biomimetic coating for dental implants application

Author(s)

Dini, Caroline ^[1] ; Nagay, Bruna E. ^[1] ; Cordeiro, Jairo M. ^[1] ; da Cruz, Nilson C. ^[2] ; Rangel, Elidiane C. ^[2] ; Ricomini-Filho, Antonio P. ^[3] ; de Avila, Erica D. ^[4] ; Barao, Valentim A. R. ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Campinas, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Prosthodont & Periodontol, UNICAMP, Av Limeira 901, BR-13414903 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo State Univ Unesp, Inst Sci & Technol, Av Tres Marco 511, BR-18087180 Sorocaba, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Estadual Campinas, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Physiol Sci, UNICAMP, Av Limeira 901, BR-13414903 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[4] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sch Dent Araraquara, Dept Dent Mat & Prosthodont, R Humaita 1680, BR-14801903 Araraquara, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications; v. 110, MAY 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Photofunctionalization mediated by ultraviolet (UV) rays changes the physico-chemical characteristics of titanium (Ti) and improves the biological activity of dental implants. However, the role of UV-mediated photofunctionalization of biofunctional Ti surfaces on the antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity remains unknown and was investigated in this study. Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) discs were divided into four groups: (1) machined samples without UV light application {[}cpTi UV-]; (2) plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treated samples without UV light application {[}PEO UV-]; (3) machined samples with UV light application {[}cpTi UV+]; and (4) PEO-treated samples with UV light application {[}PEO UV+]. The surfaces were characterized according to their morphology, roughness, crystalline phase, chemical composition and wettability. The photocatalytic activity and proteins adsorption were measured. For the microbiological assay, Streptococcus sanguinis was grown on the disc surfaces for 1 h and 6 h, and the colony forming units and bacterial organization were evaluated. In addition, to confirm the non-cytotoxic effect of PEO UV +, human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells were cultured in a monolayer onto each material surface and the cells viability and proliferation evaluated by a fluorescent cell staining method. PEO treatment increased the Ti surface roughness and wettability (p < 0.05). Photofunctionalization reduced the hydrocarbon concentration and enhanced human blood plasma proteins and albumin adsorption mainly for the PEO-treated surface (p < 0.05). PEO UV+ also maintained higher wettability values for a longer period and provided microbial reduction at 1 h of bacterial adhesion (p = 0.012 vs. PEO UV-). Photofunctionalization did not increase the photocatalytic activity of Ti (p > 0.05). Confocal microscopy analyses demonstrated that PEO UV+ had no cell damage effect on HGF cells growth even after 24 h of incubation. The photofunctionalization of a biofunctional PEO coating seems to be a promising alternative for dental implants as it increases blood plasma proteins adsorption, reduces initial bacterial adhesion and presents no cytotoxicity effect. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/11470-6 - Magnetron sputtering deposition of tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) films onto titanium surface for biomedical applications: electrochemical behavior, biocompatibility and microbiologic analysis
• Grantee: Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/01320-0 - Development of a bioactive and antibacterial surface containing Cu2O for dental implants
• Grantee: Jairo Matozinho Cordeiro
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate