Canine serological survey and dog culling ant its relationship with human visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic urban area

Author(s)

Moralejo Bermudi, Patricia Marques ^[1] ; Carneiro Castro Costa, Danielle Nunes ^{[1, 2]} ; Nunes, Canis Maroni ^[3] ; Tolezano, Jose Eduardo ^[4] ; Hiramoto, Roberto Mitsuyoshi ^[4] ; Colebrusco Rodas, Lilian Aparecida ^[5] ; Cipriano, Rafael Silva ^[6] ; Blangiardo, Marta ^[7] ; Chiaravalloti-Neto, Francisco ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ave Doutor Arnaldo 715, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Blangiardo, Marta, Imperial Coll, MRC PHE Ctr Environm \& Hlth, Dept Epidemiol \& Biostat, Norfolk Pl, London, England.Moralejo Bermudi, Patricia Marques, Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ave Doutor Arnaldo 715, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] UNESP, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Hlth & Prod, Aracatuba, SP - Brazil

^[4] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Ctr Parasitol & Mycol, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[5] Superintendencia Controle Endemias, Reg Serv 9, Aracatuba, SP - Brazil

^[6] Zoonosis Control Ctr, Aracatuba, SP - Brazil

^[7] Imperial Coll, MRC PHE Ctr Environm & Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Norfolk Pl, London - England

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES; v. 20, n. 1 JUN 5 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

BackgroundVisceral leishmaniasis is an important but neglected disease that is spreading and is highly lethal when left untreated. This study sought to measure the Leishmania infantum seroprevalence in dogs, the coverage of its control activities (identification of the canine reservoir by serological survey, dog culling and insecticide spraying) and to evaluate its relationship with the occurrence of the disease in humans in the municipalities of Aracatuba and Birigui, state of SAo Paulo, Brazil.MethodsInformation from 2006 to 2015 was georeferenced for each municipality and modeling was performed for the two municipalities together. To do this, latent Gaussian Bayesian models with the incorporation of a spatio-temporal structure and Poisson distribution were used. The Besag-York-Mollie models were applied for random spatial effects, as also were autoregressive models of order 1 for random temporal effects. The modeling was performed using the INLA (Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations) deterministic approach, considering both the numbers of cases as well as the coverage paired year by year and lagged at one and two years.ResultsControl activity coverage was observed to be generally low. The behavior of the temporal tendency in the human disease presented distinct patterns in the two municipalities, however, in both the tendency was to decline. The canine serological survey presented as a protective factor only in the two-year lag model.ConclusionsThe canine serological coverage, even at low intensity, carried out jointly with the culling of the positive dogs, suggested a decreasing effect on the occurrence of the disease in humans, whose effects would be seen two years after it was carried out. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/17764-6 - Study of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis expansion in the State of São Paulo and evaluation of control actions in Araçatuba and Birigüi cities
• Grantee: Francisco Chiaravalloti Neto
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/06518-4 - Survey of American Visceral Leishmaniasis control's actions in Araçatuba and Birigüi cities using dynamic's transmission models
• Grantee: Danielle Nunes Carneiro Castro Costa
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 16/25878-7 - Visceral leishmaniasis in Birigui, SP, Brazil: evaluation of its occurrence in space and effectiveness of control measures
• Grantee: Patricia Marques Moralejo Bermudi
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 17/09671-6 - Epidemiological study of Dengue (serotypes1-4), Zika e Chikungunya in a cohort of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil: analysis of the first wave results
• Grantee: Francisco Chiaravalloti Neto
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research