Integrating climate and landscape models to prioritize areas and conservation strategies for an endangered arboreal primate

Author(s)

Cabral Rezende, Gabriela ^{[1, 2]} ; Sobral-Souza, Thadeu ^[3] ; Culot, Laurence ^[4]

Affiliation

^[1] IPE Inst Ecol Res, Nazare Paulista, SP - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Biosci, Dept Biodivers, Grad Program Ecol Evolut & Biodivers, Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

^[3] Fed Univ Mato Grosso UFMT, Dept Bot & Ecol, Cuiaba, MG - Brazil

^[4] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Biosci, Dept Biodivers, Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY; v. 82, n. 12 DEC 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Species distributions are influenced by both climate conditions and landscape structure. Here we propose an integrated analysis of climatic and landscape niche-based models for a forest-dependent primate, the endangered black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus). We applied both climate and landscape variables to predict the distribution of this tamarin and used this information to prioritize strategic areas more accurately. We anticipated that this approach would be beneficial for the selection of pertinent conservation strategies for this flagship species. First, we built climate and landscape niche-based models separately, combining seven algorithms, to infer processes acting on the species distribution at different scales. Subsequently, we combined climate and landscape models using theEcoLandAnalysis. Our results suggest that historic and current landscape fragmentation and modification had profoundly adverse effects on the distribution of the black lion tamarins. The models indicated just 2096 km(2)(out of an original distribution of 92,239 km(2)) of suitable areas for both climate and landscape. Of this suitable area, the species is currently present in less than 40%, which represents less than 1% of its original distribution. Based on the combined map, we determined the western and southeast regions of the species range to be priority areas for its conservation. We identified areas with high climatic and high landscape suitability, which overlap with the remaining forest fragments in both regions, for habitat conservation and population management. We suggest that areas with high climatic but low landscape suitability should be prioritized for habitat management and restoration. Areas with high landscape suitability and low climatic suitability, such as the Paranapiacaba mountain range should be considered in light of projected climate change scenarios. Our case study illustrates that a combined approach of climatic and landscape niche-based modeling can be useful for establishing focused conservation measures that may increase the likelihood of success. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/14739-0 - The effect of fragmentation on primate ecological functions
• Grantee: Laurence Marianne Vincianne Culot
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/11962-9 - Habitat use, movement patterns and energy expenditure of black lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) in response to landscape fragmentation
• Grantee: Gabriela Cabral Rezende
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate