The tadpoles of the funnel-mouthed dendrobatids (Anura: Dendrobatidae: Colostethinae: Silverstoneia): external morphology, musculoskeletal anatomy, buccopharyngeal cavity, and new synapomorphies

Author(s)

Dias, Pedro Henrique dos Santos ^{[1, 2]} ; Anganoy-Criollo, Marvin ^[1] ; Rada, Marco ^[1] ; Grant, Taran ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Ave Cel Francisco H Santos 100, BR-81530001 Curitiba, Parana - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH; v. 59, n. 3 FEB 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

We studied the larval morphology of the dendrobatid frog genus Silverstoneia and closely related species of Colostethinae. After describing external, buccopharyngeal, larval muscle, and chondrocranium morphology, we delimit 17 new larval characters, including the following 12 new unambiguously optimized synapomorphies of Silverstoneia: (a) medial emargination on the upper and (b) lower labia, (c) distinct gamma-shaped crest in prenarial arena, (d) postnarial papillae oblique, (e) lateral ridge papillae keel-like, (f) dermal crest on buccal floor arena, (g) additional slip of the m. subarcualis obliquus inserting on a medial aponeurosis, (h) fibers of the m. subarcualis rectus I inserting on a medial aponeurosis, (i) fibers of the rectus cervicis inserting on a medial aponeurosis, (j) complete fusion of the suprarostral corpus and alae, (k) adrostral tissue mass with cartilaginous core, and (l) basihyal free. We also identify the fusion of suprarostral corpora above the distal line as a novel larval synapomorphy for Epipedobates. Finally, we discuss the ecomorphology and convergent evolution of funnel-mouthed tadpoles, which evolved at least seven times in six families. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/11239-0 - Morphological diversity in tadpoles of poison frogs (Dedrobatoidea: Dendrobatidae and Aromobatidae)
• Grantee: Pedro Henrique dos Santos Dias
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 18/15425-0 - A multi-disciplinary approach to the study of amphibian diversification: phase 2
• Grantee: Taran Grant
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants - Phase 2
• FAPESP's process: 13/20420-4 - Evolution of larval characters in Dendrobatoidea Cope, 1865 (Amphibia; Anura; Dendrobatidae & Aromobatidae)
• Grantee: Pedro Henrique dos Santos Dias
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 12/10000-5 - A multi-disciplinary approach to the study of amphibian diversification
• Grantee: Taran Grant
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants